QP-IFSM-25-FORESTRY-PAPER-II-241125

Indian Forest Services (Main) Examination-2025 FORESTRY Paper - II Time Allowed : Three Hours DJISM-B-FSTY Maximum Marks : 200 Question Paper Specific Instructions Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions: There are EIGHT questions in all, out of which FIVE are to be attempted. Questions no. 1 and 5 are compulsory. Out of the remaining SIX questions, THREE are to be attempted selecting at least ONE question from each of the two Sections A and B. Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question shall be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be clearly struck off. All questions carry equal marks. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it. Answers must be written in ENGLISH only. Neat sketches may be drawn, wherever required. ౧1. (a) (b) (૦) (6) (6) SECTION A What are the challenges in implementing traditional forest working plans in tribal and forest-dependent communities ? Enlist the steps to overcome these challenges. What do you mean by tree height ? Explain diagrammatically the method of height estimation on level as well as on sloping grounds using tangent method. Discuss the concept of sustained yield. How is it different from progressive yield on the basis of arguments given against sustained yield ? Describe Von Mantel’s formula of yield regulation. Enlist its advantages and disadvantages. Differentiate between yield tables and stand tables. Give objectives of stand table. DJSM-B-FSTY ध Q2. (2) (b) (૦) Q3. (3) (b) (০ ९4. (5) (0) (૦) (016) 2901058 129101 agi Critically examine the effectiveness, of नि forest management in reconciling the goals of forest conservation and community livelihood security, in India. What institutional, ecological and socio-political challenges limit its long-term sustainability and scalability ? Discuss the field work to be carried out by a Working Plan Officer for the preparation of Working Plan. What are cantilever bridges ? Discuss the stability of cantilever bridges along with their disadvantages. Elucidate the scope and importance of forest management. How does choice of forest management objectives vary with ownership, locality, quality of forest produce and financial benefits ? Discuss the objectives and scope of Forest Working Plan. Give the characteristics of a good working plan. Enlist the summary of facts on which proposals are based for their preparation. Explain stratified sampling and variable radius sampling methods. Give objectives of diameter and girth measurement. Discuss the comparison between tape and calliper measurements. How are tree diameter classes formed in India ? Discuss the environmental impact of road, tunnel 200 bridge construction in forest ecosystems. Discuss the importance of remote sensing and GIS in forest resource monitoring and their use for better checks and production of forest resources in long-term forest working. DJSM-B-FSTY 2 15 15 10 15 15 10 15 15 10 ९5. (8) (b) (८) (d) (e) Q6. (৪) (b) (০) Q7. (a) (b) (८) SECTION B What are the functional characteristics of an ecosystem ? Briefly explain the process of energy flow within an ecosystem. Why is proper nomenclature crucial in studying medicinal and aromatic plants ? What are the most effective strategies for balancing biodiversity conservation with sustainable resource utilization in forest ecosystems, especially in the face of climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressures ? Explain (i) Water blister of teak, (ii) Gummosis of eucalyptus, (iii) Leaf crack, and (iv) Frost crack. In the context of current environmental and developmental pressures, how effective are the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 and the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 ? What are the changes needed to enhance their impact ? How do India’s forest ecosystems influence the therapeutic use and conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants in Ayurveda and Unani, considering their habitat specificity, ecological distribution and botanical traits ? Define carbon sequestration. Mention two natural methods and one artificial method of carbon sequestration. How does ocean water contribute to carbon sequestration ? How do production and consumption patterns of forest resources influence market structures ? What methods can be employed to assess future projections for sustainable forest-based economic planning in India ? Describe the process and importance of wood seasoning. How do air and kiln seasoning methods differ ? How do Indian forest policies address land use and _ resource management ? What reforms are needed for sustainable and inclusive forest management ? How does air pollution lead to forest dieback ? Mention its causes and visible effects. DJSM-B-FSTY 3 15 10 15 15 10 ౧8. (a) Define forest ecology. Briefly describe the key parameters of forest productivity and explain the methods used to determine ecosystem productivity. 00) | What are environmentally sound forest harvesting practices ? Why are they important for sustainable forestry ? (c) | How do cooperatives and the private sector shape forest economics and enhance the socio-economic well-being of forest-dependent communities through sustainable resource management, value addition and livelihood generation ? DJSM-B-FSTY 4 15 15 10