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Examination-2005 BGSP-O-HDG
HYDROGEOLOGY
Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 200
Question Paper Specific Instructions
Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting
questions:
There are NINE questions divided under FIVE sections.
Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.
The ONLY question in Section A is compulsory.
Out of the remaining EIGHT questions, the candidate has to attempt FOUR, choosing
ONE from each of the other Sections B, C, D and E.
The number of marks carried by a question/ part 75 indicated against it.
Symbols, abbreviations and notations have their usual standard meanings.
Neat sketches are to be drawn to illustrate answers, wherever required.
Wherever required, graphs/tables are to be drawn on the Question-cum-Answer (QCA)
Booklet itself:
Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a
question shall be counted even if attempted partly.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet must
be clearly struck off.
Answers must be written in ENGLISH only.
BGSP-O-HDG 1
(४४) പ്ലാ
(Compulsory Section)
౧1. Write short notes on the following in not more than 5 sentences
each: 5x8=40
(a) Artesian aquifers 5
(b) Specific yield 5
(6) ` Gravimeter 5
(d) Specific retention 5
(e) Drawdown 5
(f) Secondary porosity 5
(৪) Drilling-time log 5
(h) Magnetic methods 5
BGSP-O-HDG 2
SECTION B
Attempt any one question.
Q2. (৪)
(b)
(c)
Q3. (৪)
(b)
(c)
Discuss Global Water Cycle and add a note on Water Budget.
Explain the types of aquifers. Add a note on the direction of groundwater
flow and the volume of the aquifers.
What are groundwater basins ? Explain their geophysical
characteristics.
Describe the concepts of groundwater flow. Add a note on water flow
rates and their direction techniques.
Define permeability and hydraulic conductivity of aquifers. Add a note
on their ranges in representative rocks.
Explain the concepts of groundwater dispersion and diffusion. How do
they relate with other aquifer properties ?
BGSP-O-HDG 3
15
15
10
15
15
10
SECTION C
Attempt any one question.
Q4. (a)
(b)
(c)
Q5. (a)
(b)
(c)
What is Bernoulli’s equation ? Explain its application in groundwater
studies.
Explain Darcy’s law with an illustration. Add a note on its validity in
isotropic and anisotropic media.
Describe porosity and representative porosity range.
Give an account on the effects of stream-flow and base-flow on the
quantity and quality aspects of groundwater.
Explain the types of wells used for groundwater exploration. Add a note
on the methods of constructing shallow wells and tube wells.
What are slug tests ? Differentiate the results of slug tests between
unconfined and confined aquifers.
BGSP-O-HDG 4
15
15
10
10
15
15
SECTION D
Attempt any one question.
Q6. (8)
(b)
(८)
౧7. (a)
(b)
(০)
Explain the major geological features identifiable in satellite images,
that are suitable for groundwater exploration.
Describe the principle and procedure for conducting electrical resistivity
profiles. Add a note on the method of interpreting the profiling data.
Explain the purpose of conducting geophysical logging techniques. Add a
note on the types of geophysical logging methods employed in
groundwater surveys.
Explain the principles of seismic methods employed in subsurface
investigations. Add a note on their suitability in groundwater
prospecting.
What are pumping tests ? Enumerate their types. Give an account on
the procedures of conducting a pumping test, and their uses in
hydrogeological studies.
Explain the direct and indirect impacts of global climate change on
groundwater resources.
BGSP-O-HDG 5
15
10
15
15
15
10
SECTION E
Attempt any one question.
Q8. (৪)
(b)
(୬
Q9. (৯)
(b)
(९)
Elucidate with suitable sketches the changes in hydrochemical facies of
groundwater and thermodynamic impacts due to rock-water interaction
and its effect on groundwater quality.
Discuss the concept of mass balance calculations implied in groundwater
and various methods of graphical representation of chemical data.
Elucidate the concept of B.O.D. and C.O.D. and the role of
micro-organisms in groundwater.
Discuss various parameters that ascertain the groundwater quality
along with suitability criteria for drinking, industrial and agricultural
utility of groundwater.
Enumerate and elaborate the impact of urbanisation and solid-liquid
waste disposal on the groundwater regime along with plume migration
detection.
Elucidate the role of stable and unstable isotopes in the study of
groundwater regime. Add a note on the age determination of
groundwater.
BGSP-O-HDG 6
15
15
10
15
15
10
