CIVIL-ENGINEERING-PAPER-II-QP-ESEM-25-110825

Engineering Services (Main) faatea DETACHABLE Examination - 2025 CIVIL ENGINEERING Paper II Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions : There are EIGHT questions divided in TWO sections. Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all. Questions No. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining, THREE are to be attempted choosing at least ONE question from each section. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it. Wherever any assumptions are made for answering a question, they must be clearly indicated. Diagrams/Figures, wherever required, shall be drawn in the space provided for answering the question itself. Unless otherwise mentioned, symbols and notations have their usual standard meanings. Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question shall be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be clearly struck off. Answers must be written in ENGLISH only. 1 NESP-T-CVLE 1.(a) 1.(b) 1.(c) 1.(d) A 30cm diameter well completely penetrates a confined aquifer of permeability 60 m/day. Under steady state of pumping, the drawdown at the well was observed to be 4-5 m and the discharge was 2100 lpm for a radius of influence of 450 m. If someone says “double the diameter of the well to 60 cm to get double discharge”, will it be correct ? Compute the discharge for 60 cm diameter well and the percentage increase in the discharge. All other data remains the same. 12 Describe briefly (1-2 sentences each) with sketch the following hydroelectric power plants : (i) Run-of-River plant (ii) Valley Dam plant (iii) Diversion Canal plant (iv) High head diversion plant i 12 Consider a 50° triangular channel having a flow rate Q= 16 m?/s and n=0-018. Compute aa / (i) the critical depth (ii) critical velocity, and (iii) critical slope Take a = 1-0 and g=9-81 m/s? 12, A water sample was analysed in the laboratory and the following were reported : HCO3 = 300mg/l; Na* = 115mg/l; SO? = 240mg/l; Mg‘? = 36-6 mg/l; Cl = 71 mg/l; Cat? = 100 mg/l. Find the % error in cation-anion balance. Also draw a bar diagram to indicate cation-anion balance. Comment on the Result of cation-anion balance error %. 12 NESP-T-CVLE 2 1.(e) 2.(a)(i) 2.(a)(ii) 2.(b) 2.(c) Data pertaining to a conventional ASP is given below : Population of town = 10 lakhs Wastewater contribution = 100 Ipcd BOD in settled sludge = 180 mg/l Effluent BOD required = 30 mg/l F/M ratio = 0-2 MLSS concentration = 2800 mg/1 SVI = 100 Find the volume of aerator, Hydraulic Retention time (HRT), Volumetric loading and Return Sludge Ratio. Also comment if the parameters match with design conditions. 12 In a water treatment plant which treats 10 MLD of water, it is proposed to design a circular PST and RSF. Using the data given below, find (A) Surface area, DT (Detention Time) of the PST and diameter (B) Horizontal velocity (C) Surface area of RSF (D) No. of filter units PST surface loading = 50 m*/m?/day Depth of PST = 25m Rate of filtration = 5000 Vm?/hr Quantity of backwash water = 15% Time for backwashing = lbh 12 Explain the mechanisms responsible for removal of colloidal solids by coagulation. 8 Determine the area required for a proposed landfill for a town with population of 5 lakhs. The per capita waste generation is about 0-5 kg. It is proposed that the landfill life to be 30 years with maximum height of 20 m. Density of compacted waste is 450 kg/m?. Assume ratio of solid waste to soil cover as 4: 1. 20 A 4-0m wide rectangular channel has a flow of 4-80 m?/s with a velocity of 0-8 m/s. After a heavy rainfall event in the upstream catchment, a sluice gate on the upstream is suddenly raised. This causes a surge to travel downstream and a quick increase in depth by 50%. Calculate the absolute velocity of the resulting surge and the new flow rate. Given g=9-81 m/s?. 20 3 NESP-T-CVLE 3.(a) 3.(b)(i) 3.(b)(ii) 3.(c)(i) A dam discharges 254-7 m?/s of water over the spillway. The flow then passes over a level concrete apron (n= 0-013). The velocity of water at the bottom of the spillway is 12-8 m/s and the width of the apron is 54-86 m. The flow conditions produce a hydraulic jump, the depth in channel below the apron being 3-05 m. (i) If the jump has to be contained in the apron, how long should the apron be built ? Take g=9-81 m/s?; p = 1000 kg/m?. 15 (ii) How much energy is lost from the foot of the spillway to the downstream side of jump ? : =) A Pelton wheel has to be designed for the following specifications : Power to be developed = 6000 kW Net head available = 300m Speed = 550 RPM Ratio of jet diameter to wheel diameter = 1/10 Hydraulic efficiency = 0-85 Velocity coefficient C, e098 Speed Ratio > = 0-46 p = 1000 kg/m? g = 9-81 m/s? Determine (A) the required discharge, (B) diameter of the wheel, (C) diameter of each jet, and (D) the number of jets. 10 With the help of sketches, explain in one or two sentences the difference between the following cross-drainage works : (A) syphon aqueduct and canal syphon (B) aqueduct and superpassage 10 An industry consumes 10,000 lit. of fuel per day for generation of steam. Based on quality of the fuel, the emission data indicates the following average emissions for 1 ML of fuel consumed per year. SPM = 3 t/yr; SO, = 75 t/yr; NOx = 12 t/yr; HC = 0-6 t/yr; CO = 0-75 t/yr. Determine the height of the chimney required for the industry. 10 NESP-T-CVLE 4 3.(c)(ii) 4.(a) 4.(b) 4.(c)(i) 4.(c)(ii) 5.(a) Explaining the major causes for noise pollution, discuss methods used for control of noise pollution in industries. ; 10 Using the data given below, estimate (i) Volume of fresh sludge produced (ii) Unit weight of raw sludge (iii) Volume of digested sludge Wastewater discharge = 2 MLD Influent suspended solids = 200 mg/l Suspended solids removal in PST = 60% Specific gravity of solids Seele2 Moisture content of digested sludge = 90% % conversion of fresh sludge to liquid and gas = 50% Moisture content of fresh sludge = 96% 20 A rectangular pier in a river is 1-22 m wide by 3-66 m long, and the average depth of water is 2:74m. A model is built to a scale of 1:16. A velocity of flow of 0-076 m/s is maintained in the model, and the force acting on the model is 4-0 N. (i) What are the values of velocity in and force on the prototype ? (ii) If a standing wave in the model is 0-049 m high, what is the height of wave at the nose of the pier ? (iii) What is the coefficient of drag resistance ? Take density of water p = 1000 kg/m?. 20 What are the various components of diversion headworks ? Describe each in one or two sentences. 10 With help of a flow chart, explain various components of an Ecosystem and their functions. 10 SECTION ‘B’ A circular loaded area with radius 5m is subjected to a load of 500 kN/m?. Calculate and compare the variation of vertical stress below the centre of the circular area using Boussinesq’s theory and Westergaard’s theory for the depth from ground level to 10m below the ground surface. Assume Poisson’s ratio as 0-30. 12 5 NESP-T-CVLE 5.(b) 5.(c) 5.(d) 5.(e)(i) At a site the data related to a normally consolidated clay layer is as follows : Thickness of the clay layer ' = 30m Initial void ratio = 0-85 Compression index = 0-27 Average effective pressure on the clay layer = 130 kN/m2 Increment of pressure due to construction of foundation with load of superstructure is 300 kN/m2. The secondary compression index C,=0-02. What is the total consolidation settlement of the clay layer five years after the completion of primary consolidation settlement? The time of completion of primary settlement is 2 years. 12 An expressway passing through a rolling terrain has a horizontal curve of radius equal to the ruling minimum radius. Design the following geometric elements of this expressway for ruling design speed of 100 kmph, assuming any missing data suitably : (i) Ruling minimum radius (ii) Super elevation (iii) Extra widening (iv) Length of transition curve (v) SSD, ISD and set-back distance (vi) The minimum set-back distance from the center line of the two lane expressway on the inner side of the curve to provide a clear vision assuming the length of circular curve greater than the sight distance. LZ Find out the steepest gradient on a straight track using the following data for a train having 25 wagons : Weight of each wagon = 20 tonnes Rolling resistance of wagon = 2-5 kg/tonne Speed of the train = 60 kmph Weight of locomotive with tender = 120 tonnes Tractive effort of locomotive = 45 tonnes Rolling resistance of locomotive = 3-5 kg/tonne 12 Distinguish clearly between mistake and error. Also differentiate between systematic and accidental errors. How the most probable values of a single observation and the mean of a number of observations are computed ? 6 NESP-T-CVLE 6 5.(e)(ii) 6.(a)(i) A distance of 1500 m was measured by a 30m chain. Later, it was detected that the chain was 8 cm too long. Thereafter, another 1000 m was measured and it was detected that the chain was 12cm too long. If the chain was correct initially, determine the exact length that was measured. 6 The following are the bearings taken on a closed compass traverse : E D A Cc B Line Fore Bearing Back Bearing AB 82°30! 260°40' BC 122°20' 303°40' CD 172°50' 352°30! DE 232°10' 51°30! EA 312°20' 132°10' Compute the interior angles and correct them for observational errors. If the observed bearing of the line BC is correct, adjust the bearings of the remaining sides. 6.(a)(ii) Define the following terms used in aerial survey : ‘ (1) Fiducial marks (iI) Isocentre (IIl) Relief Displacement (IV) Tilt and Tip (V) Principal point 10 6.(b) Write descriptive notes on : 20 6.(b)(i) Environmental impacts associated with airport projects e) 6.(b)(ii) Parking configurations for aircrafts Se 6.(b)(iii) Cross wind component 5 6.(b)(iv) Typical layout of an artificial harbour indicating the components and their functions 5 7 NESP-T-CVLE 6.(c) Determine the safe gross inclined load for a square footing as shown in the diagram. 15° Y ° a B t 15m 1 The base of the foundation is 1-5 m below ground level and depth of water table is 0-5 m below ground level. The properties of the soil are as follows : Cohesion = 0 Angle of shearing resistance = 30° Bulk density = 16-5 kN/n3 Saturated density 19-5 kN/m? The values of non-dimensional bearing capacity factors are : Ne = 37-16, Ng = 22-46 and N,= 19-13. 20 7.(a) A mat foundation is to be laid at a depth of 2 m below ground surface in a 20m thick layer of normally consolidated clay underlain by dense sand. The mat foundation is supported by a group of 16 piles of length 12 m and diameter 400 mm arranged in a square pattern. The gross load to be carried by the pile group is 3000 KN. The piles are spaced at 1-2 m c/c. The water table is at ground surface. The geotechnical properties of the foundation soil are as follows: Water content = 30%, Specific gravity = 2-65, Liquid limit = 40% Determine the probable consolidation settlement of the pile group. While estimating the settlement divide the sublayers into three zones suitably. j 20 NESP-T-CVLE 8 7.(b) 7.(c)(i) 7.(c)(ii) 8.(a) A retaining wall of 5 m height has to retain a stratified backfills. The properties of different layers of backfills are shown in following table : Properties Top layer Middle layer Bottom layer Thickness (m) 2 1 2 Density (kKN/m?) 18-5 17:2 18-8 Types of soil Sandy silt Loose sand Dense sand Cohesion (kN/m?) 10 0 0 rae Bee) | 2° 30° 38° Determine the magnitude of total active pressure on the wall and its point of application. 20 Briefly describe the Track Management System (TMS). What are the main advantages of TMS ? 10 What is the role of ground water in the success of tunnelling ? Explain the bearing of lithology and geological structures in this context. 10 A CC pavement slab of thickness 20 cm is constructed over a granular sub-base having modulus of reaction 15kg/cm?. The maximum temperature difference between the top and bottom of the slab during summer day and night is found to be 18°C. The spacing between the transverse contraction joint is 4-5 m and that between longitudinal joint is 3-5 m. The design wheel load is 5100 kg, radius of contact area is 15 cm, E value of CC is 3x10° kg/cm?, Poisson’s ratio is 0-15 and coefficient of thermal expansion of CC is 10x10~ per °C and friction coefficient is 1-5. Using the edge and corner load stress charts given by IRC and the chart for the warping stress coefficient (given below), find the worst combination of stresses at the edge. 10 9 NESP-T-CVLE < | P= 51001\4,0=15 ண. 1 4 ६ = 3 ×10* ka/cm? ॥1=0 -15. + ५ K=30 لم‎ २४ 15. क 35 10 & 30 7 6 ૭ 25 [२ 30 ২২ $ 15 = ७ ४ 10 5 14 16 18 20 22 26 Slab thickness, h ୧୮୮ €-1 - Edge Load Stress Chart (IRC) 50 ଏ ಸ್ವ 71 T | 7 ३ P=5100 kg,a=15cm છ 8چ‎ ६ =3 ×105 kg/cm? =0.15 بین‎ પન ظا‎ 5 a RN ९ |, 7K=30 kg/cm (६ ۹5 15 1 235 ٦ نے ووہےم‎ ee RN 8 - 30 7 യ ହି 5 25 ১ ૩ 20 ବ୍‌ 5 ಜಟ್ಟ ५३ ૭ 15 2 21 8 ا‎ = ও 10 ଏ ०७ رن‎ 4. ४ ०५ Ee జై 1 ક 18. 20 22 2 2 શ ಹ 7 = 3 Slab thickness, hi cm ol | + ಕಾ C-2 — Corner Load Stress Chart (IRC) VALWES OF ( = /¿ 4/0. Ly/é C-3 - Warping Stress Coefficient NESP-T-CVLE 7 10 8.(b) 8.(c)(i) 8.(c)(ii) 8.(d)(i) 8.(d)(ii) What is geosynthetic clay liner? Discuss its application in Civil Engineering Construction Work. 10 c Find the factor of safety at the slope shown in the diagram, if the shaded portion ADEF is removed. At what distance the line load of 150 KN will act for a minimum factor of safety as 1? The properties of the soil of the slope are : Cohesion = 21 kN/m? Bulk density = 19 kN/m? Angle of shearing resistance = 0 Weight of the area ABC = W = 350 kN Distance of centre of gravity of the area ABC is 5 m. Distance of centre of gravity of shaded portion ADEF is 4-5 m The radius of Arc is 10 m 10 Explain the effect of sudden drawdown on the stability of unstream slope. 10 A closed traverse was conducted round an obstacle and the following observations were made : Line Length (m) Azimuth AB 400 95°0! BC 496 32°30' CD 375 302°30' DE ? 225°0! EA ? 150°30' Compute the missing quantities. 10 Discuss how the topographical expressions like faults and folds control civil engineering projects such as tunnels, bridges, dams and reservoirs. 10 11 NESP-T-CVLE he