Transcript continued · pages 101–150

IPCC - Hindi Medium - GROUP - I PAPER - 1 - ACCOUNTING Chapter-5 to 10

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xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 299 Subscription Received in Advance Account 2008 ` 2008 ` Dec. 31 To Balance c/d 600 Dec. 31 By Subscription A/c 600 2009 Jan. 1 By Balance b/d 600 vnÙk pUns ` 3,000 rFkk vfxze esa izkIr pUnk ` 600 Øe'k% vkfFkZd fpës ds lEifÙk ,oa nkf;Ro i{k esa n'kkZ;s x;s gSaA mnkgj.k (Illustration)3 2008 dh vof/k esa fn;k x;k osru 23,000 ` gSA fuEufyf[kr vkxs dh tkudkjh bl izdkj gS — ` osru ckdh fnlEcj 2007 31 1,400 iow ZnÙk osru fnlEcj 2007 31 400 osru ckdh fnlEcj 2008 31 1,800 iow ZnÙk osru fnlEcj 2008 31 600 osru ds lEcU/k esa vk; rFkk O;; [kkrs esa MsfcV fd, tkus okyh jkf'k Kkr dhft,A lek/kku (Solution) Salaries Account 2008 ` 2008 ` Jan. 1 To Prepaid Salaries A/c 400 Jan. 1 By Salaries Outstanding A/c 1,400 Dec. 31 To Cash 23,000 Dec. 31 By Salaries Prepaid A/c 600 To Salaries By Transfer to Income Outstanding A/c 1,800 & Expenditure A/c 23,200 25,200 25,200 Salaries Outstanding Account 2008 ` 2008 ` Jan. 1 To Salaries A/c 1,400 Jan. 1 By Balance b/d 1,400 Dec. 31 To Balance 1,800 Dec. 31 By Salaries A/c 1,800 3,200 3,200 2009 Jan 1 By Balance b/d 1,800 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 300 Salaries Prepaid Account 2008 ` 2008 ` Jan. 1 To Balance b/d 400 Jan. 1 By Salaries A/c 400 Dec. 31 To Salaries A/c 600 (transfer) Dec. 31 By Balance c/d 600 1,000 1,000 2009 Jan. 1 To Balance b/d 600 vkfFkZd fpëk 1.5 (Balance Sheet) ,d vkfFkZd fpëk nh x;h frfFk ij fdlh ys[kkadu bdkbZ dh lEifÙk ,oa nkf;Roksa dk fooj.k gSA lkekU;r% ;g ys[kkadu vof/k dh lekfIr ij vk; rFkk O;; [kkrs cukus ds ckn cuk;k tkrk gSA ;g NwVs gq, [kkrkcgh ds 'ks"k dk oxhZ—r lkjka'k gSA ckn esa lHkh vkxe enksa dks vk; rFkk O;; [kkrs esa LFkkukUrfjr djds cUn fd;k tkrk gSA xSj ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa esa dqy - ckgjh nkf;Roksa ds Åij dqy laifÙk;ksa dh vf/kdrk dks iw¡th dks"k ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA iw¡th dks"k] lnL;ksa }kjk fd, x;s va'knku dks izfrfuf/kRo djrk gS] ysfdu vxj lnL; fdlh Hkh jkf'k dk va'knku ugha djrs gSa] rks ,df=r dks"k uke gksuk pkfg,A vk; ,oa O;; [kkrksa }kjk o"kZ ds fØ;kUo;u ds :i esa ;fn dksbZ vf/k'ks"k ;k deh izdV dh tkrh gS] rks bls iwoZ vof/k }kjk yk, x;s iw¡th@,df=r dks"k esa tksM+k ;k ?kVk;k tk;sxkA dqN fo'ks"k enksa ds fy, ys[kkadu O;ogkj 1.6 (Accounting Treatment of Some Special Items) nku dqN vkxe vFkok itaw hxr O;;ksa dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy, ,df=r 1.6.1. (Donation)— fd, x, nkuksa dks vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gS] ysfdu iwathxr O;;ksa ds fy, ,df=r nkuka s dks ;fn muds fy, nkunkrkvka s us fof'k"V bPNk idz V dh gS rks mUga s fo'k"sk dk"sk ea s ØfsMV fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mi;qZä [kkrksa ds u gksus ij iw¡th dks"k [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn fo'ks"k dks"k ls fuos'k [kjhns tkrs gSa ;k dksbZ lEifÙk izkIr dh tkrh gS] rks mUgsa i`Fkd :i ls fn[kk;k tkrk gSA fuos'kksa ;k nku ls izkIr fdlh Hkh vk; ¼tks fdlh fo'ks"k dkj.k ls laxzfgr dh tkrh gS½ dks ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gS rFkk bl dks"k ls fd, x, fdlh Hkh O;;] tks fdlh fo'ks"k dkj.k ls lEcfU/kr gS] dks bl [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA bls fdlh Hkh O;; ds [kkrs vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs ij izHkkfjr ugha fd;k tkrkA dks"k 'kCn fuf'pr :i ls jkf'k;ksa dk cks/k djkrk gS tks fdlh mís'; fo'ks"k ds fy, ,df=r djds fofu;ksftr dh x;h gSa ¼tSls Nk=o`fÙk dks"k ;k iqjLdkj dks"k vkfnA vU; fLFkfr;ksa — e]as tc ,df=r /ku izfrHkfwr;kas eas fofu;kfstr ugha fd;k tkrk Fkk] lLa Fkk dh lEifÙk;kas eas ugha yxk;k tkrk rks ^[kkrk* 'kCn vf/kd mi;qä jgrk gS ¼tSls Hkou [kkrk] ØhM+k izfr;ksfxrk½ [kkrk vkfnA — ,d nkunkrk dHkh dHkh jkds M+ nus s ds LFkku ij fdlh izfrHkfwr dks ;k fdlh rRijrk ls olyw - gksus okyh lEifÙk dks gLrkUrfjr dj ldrk gSA ,slh n'kk esa ewY;kadu ij lEifÙk dk ewY;] dks"k eas ml jkf'k ls ØfsMV gkus k pkfg, tks jkf'k nku ds :i eas izkIr gqbZ gSA cEcbZ lkoZtfud U;k; fu;e ¼la'kks/ku v/khu½ vis{kk djrs Fks fd ,slh jkf'k;k¡ izU;kl ds vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa 'kkfey dh 1951 tkuh pkfg,A ;fn ,slk fd;k tkrk gS rks ,slh jkf'k vk; O;; [kkrs ds MsfcV Hkkx esa fn[kkdj fo'ks"k dks"k dks vUrfjr dh tkuh pkfg,A © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 301 izos'k 'kqYd ,sls 'kqYd tks fdlh Dyc] lfefr 1.6.2 (Entrance and Admission Fees)— esa izos'k ij lnL;ksa }kjk ns; gkssrs gS]a lkekU;r% i¡wth dks"k esa ØsfMV fd, tkrs gSAa ,slk blfy, fd;k tkrk gS] D;ksafd laLFkk dk blds lnL;ksa ds izfr dksbZ fo'ks"k nkf;Ro mRié ugha gksrkA fQj Hkh] tgk¡ izos'k lEcU/kh O;;ksa ds vkoj.k esa izkfIr;ksa dh jkf'k NksVh gks] ;k lfefr ds fu;eksa esa izko/kku gksa fd bl 'kqYd dks lfefr dh vk; esa mipkfjr fd;k tk ldrk gS] bl jde dks vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA pUnk pUns vk; gksus ds dkj.k] vof/k ds nkSjku foHkkftr fd, 1.6.3 (Subscription)— tkus pkfg,A bl egRoiw.kZ ys[kkadu fl)kUr ds lEcU/k esa ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa ds Kku dks tk¡pus ds fy, ijh{kkvksa esa iz'u cgq/kk bl izdkj j[ks tkrs gSa] ftlesa lfefr }kjk o"kZ ds nkSjku olwy gq, pUns dh jkf'k;k¡ rFkk o"kZ ds izkjEHk esa vkSj vUr esa vnÙk jgs pUns fn, tkrs gSaA ;fn dqN pUns vfxze :i ls Hkh izkIr gq, gSa] rks mudh jkf'k Hkh Li"V dh tkuh pkfg,A ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g lnSo okaNuh; gksrk gS fd ml vofèk ds fy, pUnksa dh jkf'k Kkr djus ds fy, pUnk [kkrk cuk;k tk;s] ftlds fy, [kkrs rS;kj fd, tk jgs gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy, ;fn dgk tkrk gS fd o"kZ 2008 ds nkSjku lfefr }kjk olwy fd, x;s pUns 1,850` gSa] ftlesa 200` o"kZ 2007 ls lEcfU/kr gaSA 100` ds pUns vfxze :i esa 2009 ds fy, izkIr gq, gSa vkSj 500` ds pUns 2008 ds vUr esa olwyh ds fy, cdk;k gS] rks lek;kstu tuZy ys[ks rFkk pUnk [kkrk vxz izdkj ls cuk;k tk;sxk — ` ` Subscription Outstanding Account Dr. 500 To Subscriptions Account 500 (The amount outstanding for this year credited to Subscription Account) Subscription A/c Dr. 300 To Outstanding Subscription A/c 200 To Subscriptions Received in Advance A/c 100 (Subscription received ` 200 for the previous year and ` 100 for the next year, adjusted) Subscription Account Dr. Cr. 2008 ` 2008 ` Jan. 1 To Outstanding Subscriptions 200 Dec. By Cash A/c 1,850 Dec. 31 To Subscriptions By Subscriptions received in advance 100 outstanding 500 To Income and Expenditure Account, transfer 2,050 2,350 2,350 vnÙk pUns dh jkf'k dks pank [kkrs ds jkf'k esa lek;ksftr fd;k x;k gS] vnÙk pUnk [kkrs dks MsfcV djds 'ks"k jkf'k dks vkfFkZd fpës esa lEifÙk i{k esa fn[kk;k x;k gSA pUnk [kkrs dks o"kZ ds vUr esa vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa gLrkUrfjr djds cUn dj fn;k x;k gSA © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 302 vkthou lnL; thou lnL;rk 'kYq d ds fy,] 'kYq d ikzfIr 1.6.4 (Life Members)— it¡w hxr vkxe g]S tks vukordZ iz—fr dh gkrs h gAS bls lh/ks it¡w hxr dk"sk ;k lkekU; dk"sk ea s tkMs r+ s gAaS vkthou lnL;ksa ls izkIr pUns dks ,deq'r djus ds fy, fuEu esa ls ,d fof/k dks viuk;k tk ldrk gS μ — lnL; ds thou dky rd] lEiw.kZ jkf'k dks ,d fo'ks"k [kkrs esa j[k ldrs gSa ;k (1) bldks lafpr dks"k ds ØsfMV esa vUrfjr dj ldrs gSaA lkekU; okf"kZd pUns dh jkf'k ds cjkcj jkf'k izR;sd o"kZ vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa (2) vUrfjr dh tk ldrh gS 'ks"k dks rc rd vkxs ys tk;k tkrk gS] tc rd og jkf'k lekIr u gks tk;sA ysfdu ;fn vkthou lnL; dh e`R;q gks tkrh gS vkSj mlls izkIr leLr jkf'k bl izdkj vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa vUrfjr ugha gksrh] rks mldh e`R;q ij] 'ks"k jkf'k dks lafpfr dks"k esa Mky fn;k tkrk gSA lnL; dh vk;q rFkk vkSlr thou ds vuqlkj fudkyh x;h jkf'k okf"kZd rkSj ij (3) vk; o O;; [kkrs dks ØsfMV djds vUrfjr dh tk ldrh gSA fpës dh rS;kjh 1.7 (Preparation of Balance Sheet) izkjfEHkd vkfFkZd fpës dh rS;kjh rFkk vf/k'ks"k dh x.kuk (Preparation of ;fn o"kZ ds izkjEHk esa iw¡th dks"k ;k lafpr Opening Balance Sheet and Calculation of Surplus)— vf/k'ks"k ugha fn;k x;k gks rks] bldh x.kuk o"kZ ds izkjEHk esa lEifÙk esa ls nkf;Roksa dks ?kVkus ds }kjk dh tkrh gSA tcfd izkjfEHkd iw¡th dks"k dh x.kuk esa iwoZnÙk O;;ksa rFkk mikftZr vk;ksa dks lEifÙk;ksa rFkk vnÙk O;;ksa dh rjg ,oa vfxze vk; dks nkf;Roksa dh rjg 'kkfey djus dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg,A dksbZ Hkh vf/k'ks"k tks o"kZ ds nkSjku vftZr gqvk gks mls izkjEfHkd iw¡th dks"k eas tksM+k tkrk gS rFkk dksbZ Hkh ?kkVk mls o"kZ ds nkSjku izkjfEHkd iw¡th dks"k esa ls ?kVk;k tkrk gSA jksdM+ rFkk vf/kdks"k 'ks"k izkfIr rFkk Hkqxrku [kkrs dk (Cash and Bank Balance)— vfUre jksdM+ rFkk vf/kdks"k 'ks"k tks fn[kk;k x;k gS og vkfFkZd fpës esa lEifÙk i{k esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSaA ;fn ;gk¡ cSad vf/kfod"kZ gS] rks ;g vkfFkZd fpës esa nkf;Ro i{k esa fn[kk;k tk;sxkA LFkk;h lEifÙk [kjhn dh jkf'k ds }kjk LFkk;h lEifÙk ¼QuhZpj] Hkou] (Fixed Assets)— midj.k vkfn½ dk izkjfEHkd 'ks"k c<+rk gS rFkk fcØh ,oa Œkl ds }kjk bldk izkjfEHkd 'ks"k ?kVrk gSA nkf;Ro nkf;Ro dk izkjfEHkd 'ks"k fdlh Hkh c<+ksÙkjh ;k ?kVrh ds fy, (Liabilities)— lek;ksftr gksuk pkfg,A mnkgj.k (Illustration)4 fnlEcj] dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds fy, Dyc dk izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk 31 2008 Exe fuEu gS μ — izkfIr ` Hkqxrku ` jksdM+ gkFk esa xzkmaM~l eSu Qhl 100 750 ikl cqd ds fglkc ls cSad 'ks"k% dk;Z'kkyk 1,500 tek [kkrk eSnku dk fdjk;k 2,230 250 pkyw [kkrk pk; dh ykxr 600 250 cSad C;kt Hkkstu 30 400 nku ,oa pUnk vkWfQl vkSj fizafVax [kpZ 2,600 280 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 303 pk; ls izkIr vkStkjksa dh ejEer 300 500 Hkkstu esa va'knku lfpo dks eku; rFkk dk 100 2007 lafpr /ku 400 vkStkjksa dh fcØh 80 euksjatu ls 'kq) vtZu ikl cqd ds vuqlkj cSad 'ks"k% 780 vkxkeh ØhM+k izfr;ksfxrk ds tek [kkrk 1,000 3,090 fy, nkuA pkyw [kkrk 150 gLrLFk jksdM+ 250 7,820 7,820 blds vfrfjä fuEu lwpuk,¡ iznku dh x;h gSa — tuojh fnlEcj 1 2008 31 2008 ` ` ns; pank 150 100 fizafVax vkfn ds fy, ns; jde 100 80 ejEer ds fy, psd izLrqr ugha fd, x;s 300 260 e'khu rFkk midj.kksa dk vuqekfur ewY; 800 1,750 C;kt tks ikl cqd esa ugha p<+k;k x;k 20 xzkmaM~l eSu cksul 300 31 fnlEcj] 2008 dks lekIr gksus ds o"kZ esa lfpo dks ekuns; rFkk lafpr /ku dks 200` ls c<+kuk gSA ds fy, vk; ,oa O;; [kkrk rFkk lEcfU/kr vkfFkZd fpëk rS;kj dhft,A 2008 lek/kku (Solution) Income & Expenditure Account of Exe Club for the year ending 31st Dec. 2008 ` ` To Groundsman's fee 750 By Donations and Subscription 2,550 To Rent of Ground 250 By Receipts from teas 50 To Travelling Expenses 400 (Fares) less expenses Less : Contribution 100 300 By Proceeds of Variety To Printing & Office Expenses 260 Entertainment 780 To Repairs 460 By Interest 50 To Depreciation on Machinery : Op. balances and Purchases 2,300 Less : Closing Balance 1,750 550 Less : Sale 80 470 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 304 To Honoraria To Sect. & Treasurer 600 To Bonus to Groundsman 300 To Excess of Income over Expenditure 40 3,430 3,430 Balance Sheet of Exe Club as on 31st Dec., 2008 Liabilities ` Assets ` Outstanding Expenses : Groundsman’s Bonus 300 Cash in hand 250 Printing 80 Cash in Deposit A/c 3,090 Honoraria 600 Subscription Due 100 Bank Overdraft (260–150) 110 Interest Due 20 Capital Fund : Opening 3,080 Machinery & Equipments 1,750 Add: Surplus for the year 40 3,120 Tournament Fund (Donation) 1,000 5,210 5,210 Opening Balance Sheet ` ` Outstanding Expenses Cash in hand 100 and Honoraria 500 Cash in Deposit A/c 2,230 Capital Fund (Balancing Figure) 3,080 Cash in Current A/c 300 Subscription Due 150 Machinery 800 3,580 3,580 mnkgj.k (Illustration)5 o"kZ ds fy, ;wFk Dyc dk vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk fuEu gS 2008 — ` ` osru pUnk 4,750 7,500 lkekU; O;; izos'k 'kqYd 500 250 vads"k.k 'kqYd okf"kZd fMuj esa va'knku 250 1,000 lfpo dks ekuns; okf"kZd [ksy feyku ij ykHk 1,000 750 LVs'kujh ,oa fizafVax 450 okf"kZd fMuj [kpZ 1,500 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 305 C;kt vkSj cSad O;; 150 Œkl 300 vf/k'ks"k 600 9,500 9,500 ;g [kkrs fuEu lek;kstu ds ckn cuk;s tkrs gSa μ — ` o"kZ ds vUr esa vnÙk pUnk 2007 600 fnlEcj] dks izkIr vfxze pUnk 31 2007 450 fnlEcj dks izkIr vfxze pUnk 31 2008 270 fnlEcj dks vnÙk pUnk 31 2008 750 2008 ds izkjEHk ,oa vUr esa vnÙk osru ds 400` rFkk 450` Loh—r FksA lkekU; O;; esa chek iwoZnÙk ds 60` 'kkfey gSA vads{k.k 'kqYd 2008 ds fy, vHkh ckdh gSA 2008 dh vof/k esa 2007 dh vads{k.k 'kqYd dh /kujkf'k 200 ` pqdrk FksA Dyc ds eSnku ds iês ij LorU= :i ls LokfeRo Fkk ftldk ewY; 10,000` FkkA Dyc ds ikl [ksy - dwn ds midj.k dk ewY; 1 tuojh] 2008 dks 2,600`] o"kZ ds vUr esa Œkl ?kVkus ds ckn midj.k dh /kujkf'k 2,700`A 2007 esa Dyc ds ikl cSad _.k 2,000`gSA 31 fnlEcj] 2008 dks jksdM+ gkFk esa] ftldh /kujkf'k 1,600` gSA ds fy, izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk rFkk o"kZ ds vUr esa vkfFkZd fpëk rS;kj dhft,A 2008 lek/kku (Solution) The Youth Club Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31st Dec., 2008 ` ` ` ` To Balance b/d 1,390 By Salaries 4,750 (balancing figure) Add: Paid for 2007 400 ,, Subscriptions As per Income & 5,150 Expenditure Account 7,500 Less : Unpaid for 2008 450 4,700 Add : 2007's Received 600 To 2009's Received 270 8,370 By General Expenses 500 Less: 2008's Received Add : Paid for 2007 60 560 in 2007 450 7,920 By Audit fee (2008) 200 Less : 2008's Outstanding 750 7,170 By Secy. Honorarium 1,000 By Stationery & Printing 450 By Annual Dinner Expenses 1,500 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 306 To Entrance Fees 250 By Interest & Bank Charges 150 To Contribution for By Sports Equipments annual dinner 1,000 [2,700 – (2,600 – 300)] 400 Profit on Sports meet : Receipt less expenses 750 By Balance c/d 1,600 10,560 10,560 To Balance b/d 1,600 Balance Sheet of Youth Club as at December 31, 2008 Liabilities ` ` Assets ` ` Subscription received Freehold Ground 10,000 in advance 270 Sport Equipment: Audit Fee Outstanding 250 As per last Salaries Outstanding 450 Balance Sheet 2,600 Bank Loan 2,000 Additions 400 Capital Fund : 3,000 Balance as per previous Less : Depreciation 300 2,700 Balance Sheet 11,540 Add : Surplus for 2008 600 12,140 Subscription Outstanding 750 Insurance Prepaid 60 Cash in hand 1,600 15,110 15,110 Balance Sheet of Youth Club as at December 31, 2008 Liabilities ` Assets ` Subscriptions received in advance 450 Freehold Ground 10,000 Salaries Outstanding 400 Sports Equipment 2,600 Audit fees unpaid 200 Subscriptions Outstanding 600 Bank Loan 2,000 Cash in hand 1,390 Capital Fund (balancing figure) 11,540 14,590 14,590 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 307 mnkgj.k (Illustration)6 ,d Dyc dk vkfFkZd fpëk rFkk ykHk gkfu [kkrk fuEu gS] mudk izkfIr rFkk Hkqxrku [kkrk - rFkk pUnk [kkrk ekpZ] dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds fy, cukb,A 31 2008 vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk o"kZ ds fy, 2007-08 ` ` eSnku dk j[kj[kko pUnk 10,000 17,320 fizafVax lekpkji=ksa dk foØ; ¼iqjkus½ 1,000 260 osru O;k[;ku 11,000 1,500 QuhZpj ij Œkl izos'k 'kqYd 1,000 1,300 fdjk;k fofo/k vk; 600 400 /ku dh deh 2,820 23,600 23,600 vkfFkZd fpëk ekpZ] rd 31 2008 nkf;Ro ` lEifÙk ` vfxze pUnk QuhZpj (2008-09) 100 9,000 iqjLdkj dks"k % eSnku rFkk Hkou 47,000 izkjfEHkd 'ks"k iqjLdkj dks"k fofu;ksx 25,000 20,000 tksM+sa % C;kt gLrLFk jksdM+ 1,000 2,300 pUnk 26,000 (2007-08) 700 ?kVk,¡ % iqjLdkj 2,000 24,000 lkekU; dks"k % izkjfEHkd 'ks"k 56,420 ?kVk,¡ % /ku dh deh 2,820 53,600 tksM+s % izos'k 'kqYd 1,300 54,900 79,000 79,000 bl [kkrs esa fuEu lek;kstu djus gSa — (1) eSnku ds j[kj[kko esa 600` rFkk NikbZ esa 240` 2006-07 ls lEcfU/kr 2007-08 esa Hkqxrku fd, x;sA lkekU; dks"k ds gLrkarj.k ds }kjk vk/kk izos'k 'kqYd gLrkUrfjr fd;k x;kA (2) (3) o"kZ 2006-07 esa 800` rFkk 2007-08 esa 700` pUnk vnÙk FkkA (4) 2006–07 esa 200`vfxze rFkk 2007-08 esa 2008-09 ds fy, 100`vfxze pUnk izkIr fd;kA © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 308 lek/kku (Solution) Receipts and Payment Account for the year ending 31st March, 2008 Receipts ` Payments ` To Balance b/d By Upkeep of Ground (Balancing figure) 4,660 (10,000 + 600) 10,600 To Subscription 17,320 By Printing (1,000 + 240) 1,240 To Interest on Prize Fund By Salaries 11,000 Investments 1,000 To Lecture (fee) 1,500 By Rent 600 To Entrance Fee 2,600 By Prizes 2,000 To Sale of Newspapers (old) 260 By Balance c/d 2,300 To Misc. Income 400 27,740 27,740 fØ;kRed fVIi.kh % o"kZ 2006-07 ds fy, eSnku ds j[kj[kko ds 600` rFkk NikbZ ds 240`ls lEcfU/kr [kpks± dks tksM+dj fn[kk;k x;k gS] bl o"kZ ds bu enksa ds dqy [kpks± dh x.kuk ds fy,A Subscription Account 2007 ` 2007 ` April To Subscription April 1 By Cash (Balancing figure) 17,320 Outstanding By Subscription (2006-2007) 800 Outstanding (2007-08) 700 To Subscription By Subscription In Advance (2007-08) 100 in Advance (2006-07) 200 2008 March Income & Expenditure 17,320 18,220 18,220 mnkgj.k (Illustration) 7 LiksV~lZ jkbZVj Dyc dk ekpZ] dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds fy, izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku 31 2008 [kkrk fuEu gS — izkfIr ` Hkqxrku ` 'ks"k vkxs yk, osru 4,820 12,000 pank fdjk;k fctyh 28,600 7,220 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 309 fofo/k vk; iqLrdky; fdrkcsa 700 1,000 LFkk;h tek ij C;kt if=dk vkSj lekpkji= 2,000 2,172 fofo/k O;; 10,278 [ksy midj.k 1,000 'ks"k vkxs ys x;s 2,450 36,120 36,120 vU; lEifÙk vkSj nkf;Roksa dh jde fuEu gS μ — ekpZ dks 31 ` ` 2007 2008 vnÙk osru 710 170 vnÙk fdjk;k vkSj fctyh 84 973 if=dk o lekpkj i= ds fy, vnÙk 226 340 cSad ds lkFk LFkk;h tek (10%) 20,000 20,000 ml ij mikftZr C;kt 500 500 izkI; pUnk 1,263 1,575 iwoZnÙk O;; 417 620 QuhZpj 9,600 [ksy midj.k 7,200 iqLrdky; fdrkcsa 5,000 QuhZpj rFkk [ksy ;U=ksa dk vfUre ewY; Øe'k% rFkk Œkl ?kVkus ds i'pkr~ - 10% 20% fy[kk tk;sxk] ;fn dksbZ o`f) gqbZ gS] rksA Dyc dh iqLrdkyh; fdrkcksa dk vfUre ewY; ekpZ] 31 2008 dks 5,250 ` FkkA mi;qZä lwpuk ds vk/kkj ij cukb, — ekpZ] ds fy, Dyc dk vkfFkZd fpëkA (a) 31 2007 ekpZ] dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds fy, Dyc dk vk; ,oa O;; [kkrkA (b) 31 2008 ekpZ] ds fy, Dyc dk vfUre vkfFkZd fpëkA (c) 31 2008 lek/kku (Solution) (a) Sportswriters Club Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2007 Liabilities ` ` Assets ` Outstanding expenses : Furniture 9,600 Salaries 710 Library Books 5,000 Rent & Electricity 864 Sports Equipment 7,200 Magazines & Newspapers 226 1,800 Fixed Deposit 20,000 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 310 Cash in hand & at Bank 4,820 Capital Fund (Balancing figure) 47,000 Prepaid Expenses 417 Subscription receivable 1,263 Interest accrued 500 48,800 48,800 (b)Income and Expenditure Account for the year ending 31st March, 2008 Expenditure ` Income ` To Salaries 11,460 By Subscription 28,912 To Rent & Electricity 7,329 By Interest 2,000 To Magazines & Newspapers 2,286 By Misc. Income 700 To Sundry Expenses 10,075 By Excess of expenditure To Depreciation : over income 2,888 Furniture 960 Sports Equipment 1,640 Library Books 750 3,350 34,500 34,500 (c) Balance Sheet of Sportswriters Club as on 31st March, 2008 Liabilities ` ` Assets ` ` Outstanding Expenses : Furniture Salaries 170 Cost 9,600 Rent & Electricity 973 Less: Depreciation 960 8,640 Newspapers 340 1,483 Magazines & Capital Fund : Sports Equipment : Opening balance 47,000 Opening balance 7,200 Less: Excess of Addition 1,000 exp. over income 2,888 44,112 8,200 Less : Depreciation 1,640 6,560 Library Books : Opening Balance 5,000 Addition 1,000 6,000 Less : Depreciation 750 5,250 Fixed Deposit 20,000 Cash in hand & at Bank 2,450 Prepaid Expenses 620 Subscription Receivable 1,575 Interest accrued 500 45,595 45,595 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 311 Working Notes : (i)Expenses Salaries Rent & Magazines Sundry Electricity & News- Expenses Papers ` ` ` ` Paid during the year 12,000 7,220 2,172 10,278 Add: Outstanding on 31.3.2008 170 973 340 — Prepaid on 31.3.2007 — — — 417 12,170 8,193 2,512 10,695 Less : Outstanding on 31.3.2007 710 864 226 — Less : Prepaid on 31.3.2008 — — — 620 Expenditure for the year 11,460 7,329 2,286 10,075 (ii)Depreciation ` (a) Furniture @ 10% on ` 9,600 960 (b) Sports Equipment @ 20% on ` 8,200 1,640 (c) Library books : Book value 6,000 Revalued 5,250 750 (iii)Subscription Received in cash 28,600 Add : Receivable on 31.3.2008 1,575 30,175 Less : Receivable on 31.3.2007 1,263 28,912 mnkgj.k (Illustration)8 fuEufyf[kr vk¡dMk+as ls fnlEcj] dks lekIr gkus s okys o"kZ ds fy, e;jw fpfdRlky; 31 2008 dk vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk rFkk mlh frfFk dk fLFkfr fooj.k rS;kj dhft, — izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk fnlEcj] dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds fy, 31 2008 ` ` 'ks"k % osru (2007 ds fy, 3,600`) 15,600 jkds M+ vLirky ;U= 400 8,500 cSad QuhZpj [kjhn 2,600 3,000 3,000 Hkou esa o`f/k 25,000 pUæk % fizafVx vkSj LVs'kujh 1,200 ds fy, vkgkj O;; 2007 2,550 7,800 2008 ds fy, 12,250 fdjk;k rFkk dj (2009 ds fy, 150`) 1,000 ds fy, fo|qr ,oa ty O;; 2009 1,200 1,200 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 312 dk;kZy; O;; 1,000 ljdkjh xzkaV fofu;ksx 10,000 Hkou ds fy, 'ks"k% 40,000 j[kj[kko ds fy, jksdM+ 10,000 700 ejhtksa ls 'kqYd cSad 2,400 3,400 4,100 pUnk ¼itaw hxr ugha fd;k xk;xs k½ 4,000 vuxq gz rek'ks ls 'k)q ikzfIr;k¡ 3,000 78,400 78,400 vfrfjä lwpuk,a — ` fuekZ.k ds vUrxZr Hkou dk ewY; fnlEcj] dks 31 2008 70,000 fpfdRlky; midj.k dk ewY; fnlEcj] dks 31 2008 25,500 Hkou dks"k tuojh] dks 1 2008 40,000 vnÙk pUnk fnlEcj] dks 31 2007 3,250 tqykbZ] dks ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ksa esa fuos'k fd;k x;kA 1 2008 8% lek/kku (Solution) Mayura Hospital Income & Expenditure Account for the year ended 31 December, 2008 Expenditure ` Income ` To Salaries 12,000 By Subscriptions 12,250 " Diet expenses 7,800 " Govt. Grants (Maintenance) 10,000 " Rent & Rates 850 " Fees, Sundry Patients 2,400 " Printing & Stationery 1,200 " Donations 4,000 " Electrictiy & Water-charges 1,200 " Benefit shows (net collections) 3,000 " Office expenses 1,000 " Interest on Investments 400 " Excess of Income over expenditure transferred to Capital Fund 8,000 32,050 32,050 Statement of Affairs as on 31st Dec., 2008 Liabilities ` ` Assets ` ` Capital Fund : Building: Opening balance 24,650 Opening balacne 45,000 Excess of Income Addition 25,000 70,000 Over Expenditure 8,000 32,650 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 313 Hospital Equipment: Building Fund: Opening Balacne 17,000 Opening balacne 40,000 Addition 8,500 25,500 Add : Govt. Grant 40,000 80,000 Furniture 3,000 Subscription Investments-8% Govt. received in advance 1,200 Securities 10,000 Subscriptions receivable 700 Accrued interest 400 Prepaid expenses (Rent) 150 Cash at Bank 3,400 Cash in hand 700 1,13,850 1,13,850 Working Notes : (1) Statement of Affairs as on 31st Dec., 2007 Liabilites ` Assets ` Capital Fund Building 45,000 (Balancing Figure) 24,650 Equipment 17,000 Building Fund 40,000 Subscription Receivable 3,250 Creditors for Expenses: Cash at Bank 2,600 Salaries payable 3,600 Cash in hand 400 68,250 68,250 (2) Building ` Balance of 31st Dec. 2008 70,000 Paid during the year 25,000 Balance on 31st Dec. 2007 45,000 (3) Equipment Balance on 31st Dec. 2008 25,500 Paid during the year 8,500 Balance on 31st Dec. 2007 17,000 (4) Subscription due for 2007 Receivable on 31st Dec. 2007 3,250 Received in 2008 2,550 Still Receivable for 2007 700 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 314 mnkgj.k (Illustration) 9 fnlEcj dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds fy, Dyc dk izkfIr rFkk Hkqxrku [kkrk bl 31 2008 izdkj gSμ izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk (Recipts and Payment Account) izkfIr;ka ` Hkqxrku ` 'ks"k vkxs yk, iqLrdsa [kjhnh 2,500 1,000 pUnk % fizafVax vkSj LVs'kujh 200 ors u 2007 600 1,500 foKkiu 2008 4,300 4,900 200 C;kt 500 fctyh dk [kpZ 400 fo'ks"k dks"k ds fy, nku 'ks"k vkxs ys x;s 300 7,350 fdjk;k — ` 2007 150 2008 300 450 ljdkjh xzkaV~l 2,000 10,650 10,650 vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk O;; ` vk; ` osru C;kt 2,800 400 fdjk;s dks VsaV pUnk 200 4,800 fctyh [kpZ fdjk;k 400 2,300 Hkou ij Œkl ljdkjh xzkaV 750 2,000 fizafVax vkSj LVs'kujh 200 foKkiu 150 vf/k'ks"k 5,000 9,500 9,500 tuojh dks Dyc dh lEifÙk bl izdkj Fkh 1 2008 — Hkou 15,000`, fdrkcsa 10,000`, QuhZpj 4,000`, fofu;kstu 10,000`A mDr frfFk dks nkf;Ro —50`foKkiu ds fy, rFkk 100`osru ds FksA fnlEcj rFkk fnlEcj ds fy, Dyc dk vkfFkZd fpV~Bk cukb,A 31 2007 31 2008 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 315 lek/ku (Solution) Balance Sheet As at 31st December, 2007 ` ` Capital fund 42,200 Cash in hand 2,500 Outstanding for advertisement 50 Subscriptions outstanding 600 Outstanding for salary 100 Interest outstanding 100 Rent receivable 150 Building 15,000 Books 10,000 Books Purchased 4,000 Investments 10,000 42,350 42,350 Balance Sheet As at 31st December, 2008 ` ` Donation for Special Fund 300 Cash in hand 7,350 Outstanding for Salary 1,400 Subscriptions outstanding 500 Outstanding for Tent hire 200 Books 10,000 Capital Fund Add : Purchase 1,000 11,000 Balance on 31/12/07 42,200 Add: Surplus 5,000 47,200 Books 15,000 Less : Dep. 750 14,250 Furniture 4,000 Investments 10,000 Accrued Rent 2,000 49,100 49,100 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 316 lkjka'k (SUMMARY) ,d xSj ykHkdkjh laLFkk ,d dkuwuh rFkk ys[kk bdkbZ gS tks dh iw.kZ :i ls lekt ds ykHk (cid:137) - gsrq lapkfyr gS ctk; ,dkdh LokfeRo ;k lk>snkjksa ds lewg ;k va'k/kkfj;ksa ds ykHk dsA bu laxBuksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k esa 'kkfey gS % izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk] 1. vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk] 2. vkfFkZd fpëkA 3. izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk jksdM+ iqLrd dk lkjka'k gSA (cid:137) vk; vkSj O;; [kkrs O;kikfjd laLFkkvksa ds ykHk vkSj gkfu [kkrs ds cjkcj gSA ;g [kkrk (cid:137) O;kid :i ls xSj ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa }kjk cuk;k tkrk gS rFkk miktZu fl)kUr ds vk/kkj - ij rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA blesa dsoy ys[kk vof/k ls lEcfU/kr vkxe izØfr dh ensa gh vkrh gSaA ;g mYys[kuh; gS fd] vko';d fo"k;ksa ds vuqlkj fofHké [kkrksa dks lek;ksftr djus] rFkk (cid:137) lHkh vkxe [kkrksa dks vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa gLrkarfjr djds cUn djus ds i'pkr~] ;gk¡ vHkh Hkh cph gq;h 'ks"kksa dh la[;k gksxhA bUgsa vkfFkZd fpës esa 'kkfey fd;k tk;sxkA vkfFkZd fpëk bl izdkj ds [kkrksa dk iwjd gSA xSj ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds fy, nku] izos'k 'kqYd] pUnk] vkthou lnL;rk vkfn vk; ds (cid:137) - dqN izeq[k L=ksr gSA bu enksa esa ls dqN dks iawth—r rFkk vU; dks miktZu vk/kkj ij mikftZr djds i`Fkd ls mipkfjr fd;k tk;sxk] tSlk fd igys dgk x;k gSA Lo-ijh{kk iz'u (SELF-EXAMINATION QUESTIONS) oLrqfu"B iz'u I. (Objective Answer Type Questions) izkfIr;ka rFkk Hkqxrku [kkrs vkdM+s gSa izkfIr;ksa rFkk Hkqxrku ds 1. : ¼v½ dsoy vkxe iz—fr ¼c½ dsoy iw¡th iz—fr ¼l½ iw¡th iz—fr oSls gh vkxe iz—fr ¼n½ mi;qZä esa ls dksbZ ugha izos'k 'kqYd vk; gksxh 2. : ¼v½ iwathxr ¼c½ vkxe tSls mipkj ¼l½ vkxe ds :i esa mipkfjr gksxk tc jde csgn cM+h uk gks ¼n½ nkf;Ro ds :i esa mipkfjr © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 317 fytsalh ¼olh;r½ dks 3. : ¼v½ iw¡th dks"k esa tksM+k tkrk gSA ¼c½ vk; o O;; [kkrs esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA ¼l½ vyx ls nkf;Ro ds :i esa n'kkZrs gSaA ¼n½ mi;qZä esa ls dksbZ ughaA vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk izkjEHk gksrk gS 4. : ¼v½ uke 'ks"k ¼c½ tek 'ks"k ¼l½ 'ks"k ugha ¼n½ mi;qZä esa ls dksbZ ugha : 5. ;fn 1,500`o"kZ ds izkjEHk esa nku ds vnÙk Fks rFkk 10,000`o"kZ dh vof/k esa izkIr gq, lkFk gh 2,500`o"kZ ds vUr eas vHkh Hkh vnÙk gSaA izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrs ls tks jde yh tk;sxh] oks gS : ¼v½ 11,000 ` ¼c½ 8,500 ` ¼l½ 10,000 ` ¼n½ mi;qZä esa ls dksbZ ughaA QuhZpj ds foØ; ds fy, Dyc dk YkkHk fy;k tk;sxk 6. : ¼v½ jksdM+ [kkrk ¼c½ izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk ¼l½ vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk ¼n½ ykHk rFkk gkfu [kkrk iqjkuh lkexzh dk foØ; eq[j;r% tek i{k ij fn[kk;k tk;sxk 7. : ¼v½ jksdM+ iqLrd ¼c½ vk; o O;; [kkrk ¼l½ vkfFkZd fpëk ¼n½ mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk fn[kkrk gS 8. : ¼v½ vk; rFkk O;; ¼c½ uxn izkfIr rFkk Hkqxrku ¼l½ lEifÙk rFkk nkf;Ro ¼n½ mi;qZDr esa ls dksbZ ugha © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 318 vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk fn[kkrk gS 9. : ¼v½ gLrLFk jksdM+ ¼c½ vkf/kD; ;k deh ¼l½ iw¡th [kkrk ¼n½ mi;qZä esa ls dksbZ ugha fof'k"V mís'; ds fy, izkIr fd;k x;k nku μ 10. : ¼v½ i`Fkd [kkrs esa fodfyr fd;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk vkfFkZd fpës ds nkf;Ro i{k esa fn[kkuk pkfg, ¼c½ vk; rFkk O;; [kkrs esa fodfyr fd;k tkuk pkfg, ¼l½ fcYdqy Hkh vfHkysf[kr ugha gksuk pkfg, ¼n½ mi;qZä esa ls dksbZ ugha mÙkj ¼l½ ¼l½ ¼v½ ¼l½ ¼v½ ¼l½ ¼c½ ¼c½ ¼c½ [ (Answers)—1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. , 6. , 7. 8. 9. ¼v½A 10. ] y?kq mÙkjh; iz'u II. (Short Answer Type Questions) izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrs dh lhek,a la{ksi esa crkb,A 11. fdlh fof'k"V mís'; ds fy, izkIr fd, x, nku ds ys[kkadu O;ogkj ij ppkZ 12. dhft, tc Dyc dk vkfFkZd fpëk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA ßizkfIr rFkk Hkqxrku [kkrk jksdM+ iqLrd ds leku gSÞA fVIi.kh nhft,A 13. nh?kZ mÙkjh; iz'u μ III. (Long Answer Type Questions) xSj ykHkdkjh laxBuksa }kjk izkfIr;k¡ ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk rS;kj djus ds dkj.k dh 14. - O;k[;k dhft,A ;g vk; rFkk O;; [kkrs ls fdl izdkj fHké gS\ izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk fn, gksus ls vk; ,oa O;; [kkrk rS;kj djus dh fof/k dk 15. o.kZu dhft,A fØ;kRed iz'u IV. (Practical Problems) fuEufyf[kr lwpukvksa ds vk/kkj ij fnlEcj dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds 16. 31 2008 fy, izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk rFkk vk; ,oa O;; [kkrk rS;kj dhft,A o"kZ ds 2008 fy, lnL;ksa ls izkIr pUnk ` 1,20,000, o"kZ 2007 ds fy, ` 20,000, 2009 ds fy, izkIr vkfxze pUnk ` 5,000, nku izkIr ` 25,000, iqjkus QuhZpj dk foØ; ` 200 ( ykxr ` 500, vifyf[kr ewY; ` 400) xkMZ eSu dh etnwjh ` 24,000, lkekU; O;; ` 30,000, eSnku dh ejEer ` 10,000, vads{k.k Qhl ` 500, vf/kdks"k esa jksdM+ ` 60,000, vnÙk pUnk] ` 15,000 A vnÙk etnwjh ` 10,000, dk;kZy; QuhZpj ` A ewY; Œkl vkerkSj ij izfr o"kZ yxk;k tkrk gSA Dyc us fu.kZ; 15,000 @ 20% fy;k fd o"kZ ds var esa ` 500 vius gkFk esa j[kdj rFkk cSad esa iMs+ gq, 'ks"k jkf'k ds vfrfjDr 'ks"k dks fyfeVsM ds va'kksa esa fofu;ksftr dj fn;k tk,xkA XYZ 20% © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 319 gksyh ifjokj fpfdRlky; dk izkfIr rFkk Hkqxrku [kkrk uhps fn;k gS ftlesa ls 17. vkids fy, fnlEcj] dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ ds fy, vk; rFkk O;; 31st 2008 [kkrk cukuk visf{kr gS — izkfIr ,oa Hkqxrku [kkrk izkfIr;k¡ ` Hkqxrku ` fuos'k dh fcØh deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, osru 50,000 4,25,000 foi= dh ykxr lkekU; O;; 11,25,000 75,000 vads'k.k 'kqYd 10,000 'ks"k : vf/kdks"k esa jksdM+ 3,25,000 gLrLFk jksdM+ 3,90,000 11,75,000 11,75,000 vU; lwpuk,a — (i) fo'ks"kK 'kqYd ` 2,50,000 (ii) midj.k ds fy, foi= ` 5,50,00 (iii) midj.k ij 10% dh nj ls Œkl izHkkj] o"kZ ds izkjEHk esa ftldk 'ks"k ` FkkA 7,59,000 (iv) fofo/k vk; ` 500 ys[kk ugha gqvkA (v) ` 15,000 dk nku ftldk ys[kk ugha gqvk gSA o"kZ dh vof/k esa vLirky fu;ksx us vk¡[kksa ds vkWijs'ku ds fy, ,d dSEi dk (vi) vk;kstu fd;k ftl ij `15,000 [kpkZ vk;kA ysfdu Bsdsnkj us vHkh rd foi= tkjh ugha fd;kA (vii) vLirky ds ps;jeSu la;qDr jkT; dh ;k=k ij x;s rFkk ogha ls 1,50,000` nku ds ,d= fd,A nku dh jde rFkk ;k=k ij ` 40,000 dk [kpZ vHkh rd lek;ksftr ugha fd;k x;kA vki izkfIr rFkk Hkqxrku [kkrs dks nksckjk rS;kj dhft,A fnYyh QqVcky Dyc fnl- dks vkidks fuEufyf[kr vkfFkZd fpëk nsrk gS 18. 31 2007 — nkf;Ro ` lEifÙk ` iw¡th dks"k iÍs esa yh xbZ tehu 11,00,000 4,50,000 QuhZpj 50,000 VwukZesUV dks"k VwukZesUV dks"k fuos"k 2,00,000 2,00,000 iqjLdkj dks"k futh dks"k fofu;ksx 1,00,000 1,00,000 pkyw nkf;Ro vU; fuos'k 50,000 3,00,000 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 320 [ksy midj.k vf/kdks"k esa 50,000 jksdM+ 2,80,000 gLrLFk jksdM+ 20,000 14,50,000 14,50,000 o"kZ dh vof/k esa izkfIr;k¡ — pank ` 10,00,000, [ksy izfr;ksfxrk ds fy, nku `15,000, iqjLdkj ds fy, nku ` 25,000 fuos'k ls vk; ` 60,000 gSA [kps± — [ksy lkexzh ` 2,50,000 eSnku dh ejEer ds ` 50,000 dk;kZy; LVkWQ dh etnjw h ` 2,50,000 [ksy izfr;ksfxrk ds [kps± ` 50,000 gS % iqjLdkj ds fy, [kps± ` 40,000 gSA Dyc ds Hkou ds fuekZ.k dh ykxr ` 1,25,000 gSA mnÙk O;; — vads{k.k Qhl ` 3,000 LVs'kuh ` 4,000 dksp dh Qhl ` 40,000 gS [ksydwn lkexzh dh iwfrZ ds foi= ` 5,000 dk;kZy; midj.k ij 20% dh nj ls Œkl yxk;k tkrk gSA Hkou fuekZ.k dk dk;Z izxfr ij gS — Bsdsnkj }kjk fn;k x;k foi= ` 2,50,000 tks fd izcU/k lfefr }kjk Loh—r gSA © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 321 Hkkx f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa gsrq ys[kkadu 2 : (UNIT–2 : ACCOUNTING FOR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ) v/;;u ds mÌs'; (Learning Objectives) bl bdkbZ ds v/;;u ds mijkUr] vki l{ke gks tk,axs — f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa esa vk; ds fofHkUu lzks=ksa ,oa O;;ksa ds ek/;eksa dks le>us esaA (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa ds vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs vkSj vkfFkZd fpV~Bs dks rS;kj djus dh (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) rduhd lh[kus esaA ,d f'k{k.k laLFkku dk laxBukRed <k¡pk ,oa fo'ks"k y{k.k 2.1 (Organisational Pattern & Salient Features of an Educational Institution) Hkkjr esa tks f'k{k.k laLFkk,¡ dk;Z dj jgh gSa os vf/kdrj Hkkjrh; lfefr iathdj.k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr lfefr ds :i esa iath—r gSa] dqN jkT;ksa esa tgk¡ lkoZtfud izU;kl 1860 vfèkfu;e ikfjr gks pqdk gS ogk¡ Hkkjrh; lfefr iathdj.k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr lHkh 1860 lfefr;ksa dks leku :i ls izU;kl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr iathdj.k djkuk vfuok;Z gSA blds vuqlkj] egkjk"Vª jkT; esa lHkh lfefr;ksa dks leku :i ls ckWEcs lkoZtfud izU;kl vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr iathd`r gksuk gksrk gSA 1950 izU;kl lfefr;k¡ Lo'kklh laLFkk,¡ gksrh gSa tks lHkkifr] lfpo] dks"kk/;{k rFkk dk;Zdkjh lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkfn inkf/kdkfj;ksa esa feydj curh gSaA lkekU; fudk; esa lfefr ds lHkh lnL; lfEefyr gksrs gSaA izU;kl@lfefr dh n'kk esa] tks vusd fo|ky; ,oa egkfo|ky; vkfn pykrs gSa] izR;sd fof'k"V fo|ky; ;k egkfo|ky; ds izcU/k gsrq] ;gk¡ ,d 'kkldh; fudk; gksrk gS] bdkbZ dk izeq[k] egkfo|ky; esa iz/kkukpk;Z ;k fo|ky; esa eq[; v/;kid ds :i esa ¼tSlh Hkh n'kk gks½] 'kkldh; fudk; dk lnL; Hkh gksrk gSA 'kkldh; fudk; dk dk;Z lEcfU/kr fo|ky; ;k egkfo|ky; ds lqpk# lapkyu dk fujh{k.k djuk gSA cqfu;knh fl)kUrksa ls ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa ds O;;ksa ds Hkkx dks] Lo;a f'k{k.k laLFkk;ksa }kjk ns'k ds mnkj ukxfjdksa ls laxzfgr nkuksa ls ;k n;kjkf'k;ksa ¼pSfjVh½ ls vftZr dks"kksa }kjk pqdk;k tkrk gSA jkT; ljdkjksa us vuqnku&lgk;rk&fo/kku ds ek/;e ls f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa dks lgk;rk nsus dh vyx iz.kkyh fodflr dh gSA ;gk¡ f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa esa lgk;rk nsus gsrq vuqnkuksa ds izk:iksa ds :i esa dksbZ ,d:irk ugha gSA lHkh f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa }kjk ys[kkadu o"kZ ds :i esa foÙkh; o"kZ dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gSA f'k{k.k laLFkku dks pykus gsrq foÙk ds lzksr 2.2 (Sorces of Finance for Running the Educational Institution) ;gk¡ f'k{k.k laLFkku }kjk jkf'k;k¡ laxzfgr djus ds rhu eq[; lzksr gSaA ;s gSa — turk ls nku] (1) okf"kZd f'k{k.k 'kqYd] vof/k 'kqYd] iz;ksx'kkyk 'kqYd vkfn ds :i esa 'kqYd] vkSj (2) ljdkj ls izkIr vuqnkuA (3) © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 322 ljdkjh vuqnku pkj izdkj ds gSa vFkkZr~ vuqj{k.k ¼j[k&j[kko½ vuqnku] midj.k vuqnku] Hkou vuqnku ,oa vU; nwljs vuqnku tks ljdkj }kjk le; le; ij Loh—r fd;s tk ldrs gSaA - turk ls nku ;g vkorhZ ;k xSj vkorhZ iz;kstuksa 2.2.1. (Donation from Public)— - ¼mís';ksa½ gsrq izkIr gksrk gSA nku ;k rks udn ;k oLrq ds :i izkIr gksrk gSA oLrqxr nku Hkwfe ,oa Hkou] va'k ,oa izfrHkwfr;ksa] crZuksa] miLdj ¼QuhZpj½ ,oa fLFkj oLrqvksa ¼fQDlplZ½ rFkk blh izdkj ds izk:iksa esa gks ldrs gSa] lkekU;r% blds ihNs nkunkrk ds ifjokj ds ,d izfrf"Br lnL; fd Le`fr cuk, j[kus fd bPNk gks ldrh gSA izfrO;fDr izHkkj 'kqYd ¼dSfiVs'ku Qhl½ ;k izos'k 'kqYd 2.2.2. (Capitation Fee f'k{k.k laLFkk esa izos'k ds fy, bfPNr mu fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vfoHkkodksa@ekrk or Admission Fee)— - firk ls jkf'k laxzfgr dh tkrh gSA ;g izfrO;fä izHkkj 'kqYd ¼dSfiVs'ku Qhl½ ;k izos'k 'kqYd ds :i esa gks ldrh gS rFkk lkekU;r% laLFkku dks pykus okyk eaMy bls laxzfgr djrk gSA gky gh ds le; esa] bl rjg ds laxzg vkykspuk ds f'kdkj gks pqds gS rFkk izfrcfU/kr gSaA iz;ksx'kkyk ,oa iqLrdky; fu{ksi 2.2.3. (Laboratory and Library Deposit)— lkekU;r% ;g fo|ky;ksa ,oa egkfo|ky;ksa }kjk laxzfgr fd;s tkrs gSa rFkk tc rd fo|kFkhZ vfUre :i ls laLFkk ugha NksM+rk rc rd ;g laLFkk ds ikl gh j[ks jgrs gSaA fo|ky; fo/kku] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls izHkkfjr f'k{k.k rFkk vU; 'kqYdksa dh nj fu'pr djrk gSA vof/k 'kqYd dk iz;ksx izkfIr;ksa ,oa O;;ksa dk ,d i`Fkd 2.2.4. (Use of Term Fee)— [kkrk j[kk tk;sxk rFkk vkf/kD; dks vxys o"kZ ys tk;k tk;sxkA fuEufyf[kr eq[; ensa gS ftu ij vof/k 'kqYd iz;qä fd;k tk ldrk gS — fpfdRlk fujh{k.kA (1) fo|ky; if=dk ik.Mqfyfi vkSj@;k eqæ.k (2) - ijh{kk O;; vFkkZr~ iz'ui=ksa dk pØysf[kr lfgr eqæ.k rFkk mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa fd (3) vkiwfrZ] ;fn ;gk¡ i;kZIr 'ks"k gksA fo|ky; xfrfof/k;ksa ls lEcfU/kr] [ksy vkSj lkaL—frd laxBuksa dks va'knkuA (4) fo|ky; ds mRlo ,oa ioZA (5) vUrjk&Lrjh; ,oa vUrjk&fo|ky; VwukZesaVA (6) ØhM+k ,oa [ksy cM+s ;k NksVsA (7) — lekpkji= ,oa if=dk,aA (8) ikB~;srj Hkze.k ,oa ;k=k;saA (9) Hkk"k.k izfr;ksfxrk vkfn ds :i esa fo|ky; izfr;ksfxrkA (10) LdkmfVax ,oa xkbfMaxA (11) fo|ky; cS.MA (12) lkekftd ,oa lkaL—frd xfrfof/k;k¡] vkSj buds fy, vko';d midj.kA (13) lkekU; :i esa O;kolkf;d ekxZn'kZuA (14) lg ikB~;Øe xfrfof/k;ksa gsrq iqjLdkjA (15) - dksbZ vU; ikB~;srj ;k ikB~;Øe xfrfof/k;k¡A (16) [ksy ds eSnku dk j[k j[kkoA (17) - © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 323 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds iqLrdky;ksa gsrq iqLrdksa dk Ø;A (18) vkjs[k.k vkSj f'kYi lkexzhA (19) JO; n`'; f'k{k.kA (20) - f'k{k.k Hkze.k ,oa ;k=k,¡A (21) 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk gsrq midj.kA (22) ,-lh-lh-] ,u-lh-lh- ,oa ,u-Mh-,lA (23) vkorhZ vuqnku vkorhZ vuqnku] j[k j[kko vuqnku ds :i 2.2.5. (Recurring Grants)— - esa iwjs o"kZ esa foLrkfjr fd'rksa esa izkIr gksrs gSaA vuqnku lgk;rk dk iz;ksx fo|ky; fo/kku] O;; dh 2.2.6. (Use of Grant-in-Aid)— enksa dh ,d foLr`r lwph] tks vuqnku lgk;rk gsrq Loh—r gS] iznku djrk gS — deZpkjh osru ,oa HkÙksA (1) vodk'k HkÙksA (2) nks"kiw.kZ tyok;q HkÙkkA (3) ty HkÙkkA (4) vodk'k osruA (5) f'k{kdksa ds izf'k{k.k ij O;;A (6) isa'ku vkSj minku ¼xzsP;qVh½ tks ykxw gksA (7) iqLrdky; v/;{k dh fu;qfä ij O;;A (8) fdjk;k] dj ,oa chekA (9) vU; vkdfLed O;; bl 'kh"kZd ds vUrxZr] eqæ.k ,oa ys[ku lkexzh ds O;;] (10) — lokjh O;;] iqLrdksa ,oa miLdj midj.kksa ds Ø; ij O;; ¼ftlds fy, dksbZ fo'ks"k vuqnku iznku djus dk nkok ugha fd;k x;k gS] egkjk"Vª esa ;g dqy Loh—r O;;ksa dk ckjg izfr'kr dh lhek rd gSaA½ vkfn 'kkfey gksrs gSaA pkyw ejEer] fo|ky; ds dqy O;;ksa ds vuqnku dh jkf'k ds ik¡p izfr'kr ;k x.kuk (11) ¼le; le; ij la'kksf/kr ljdkjh izLrko la[;k frfFk ds funZs'k - 2321 1-9-1923 vuqlkj½ dh x;h Hkou dh ykxr ds izfr'kr dh lhek rdA 1-1/2 fofo/k O;; fo|ky; ckx] 'kkjhfjd f'k{kkA (12) — iqjLdkjA (13) lgdkjh HkaMkj ij O;;A (14) ekU;rk gsrq cksMZ dks pqdrk iathdj.k 'kqYdA (15) Hkkstu d{kksa dk j[k j[kkoA (16) - f'k{kdksa gsrq cksul (17) fo|qr izHkkjA (18) VsyhQksu izHkkjA (19) lEesyu ls lEcfU/kr O;;A (20) 'kS{kf.kd la?kksa vkfn dks pUnsA (21) © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 324 fpfdRlk izHkkjA (22) (23) fu/kkZfjr iSekus ds vuqlkj vads{kd dk vads{k.k 'kqYdA `50,000 rd ds Loh—r O;;ksa gsrq U;wure `75 rFkk `50,000 ls vf/kd ds Loh—r O;;ksa gsrq U;wure ` 300 A fo|ky; dh vko';drkvkas dh Ø; ij fcØh dj ,oa lkekU; djA (24) ;ksX;rk Nk=o`fÙk;ksa ds fy, HkqxrkuA (25) mnkgj.k (Illustration)1 Hkkjr f'k{k.k lfefr ds fnukad dks fn, x, fuEu ryiV ls vk; O;; [kkrk 31.12.2008 - vkSj rqyu i= cuk,¡ — Dr. Cr. ````` ````` miLdj ,oa mi;qä oLrq 12,500 miLdj esa o`f) ¼o"kZ esa½ 3,200 iqLrdky; esa iqLrd 17,500 iqLrdksa esa o`f) 4,300 Hkou 2,75,000 lkekU; fuos'k 1,50,000 fuos'k lap; dks"k 15,000 fofo/k nsunkj ,oa ysunkj 5,000 14,500 izos'k 'kqYd 15,200 ijh{kk 'kqYd 2,400 pUnk izkIr 20,000 izek.k&i= 'kqYd 500 lkslk;Vh gkWy dk fdjk;k 6,500 fuos'k ij C;kt 5,500 fofo/k izkfIr;k¡ 600 LVkQ dk osru 10,200 NikbZ] LVs'kujh ,oa foKkiu 1,000 nj ,oa chek 800 ijh{kk O;; 600 if=dkvksa dk pUnk 1,200 iqjLdkj U;kl dks"k 16,000 iqjLdkj U;kl fuos'k 15,800 iqjLdkj U;k; vk; 650 iqjLdkj ?kksf"kr 450 iqjLdkj dks"k vf/kdks"k 275 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 325 nku izkIr ¼iw¡th—r fd;k tkuk½ 18,000 lkekU; [kpsZ 375 iw¡th dks"k 3,89,150 cSad esa jksdM+ 5,500 jksdM+ gLrLFk 300 5,04,000 5,04,000 vko';d lek;kstu djus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr tkudkfj;k¡ nh xbZ gSa — izkIr pUnk (1) 4,500 vfxze pUnk (2) 500 mikftZr C;kt lkekU; fuos'k ls (3) 450 vnÙk LVkQ osru (4) 1,800 nj ,oa chek dk vfxze Hkqxrku (5) 500 fuEufyf[kr njksa Œkl yxk,a ¼o`f) tksM+rs gq,½ % (6) iqLrdky; fdrkcsa 15% p.a miLdj ,oa mi;qä oLrq 5% p.a Hkou 5% p.a 31 fnlEcj] 2008 dks lkekU; fuos'k dh cktkj ewY; `1,30,000 gSA vHkh fxjkoV ds fy;s dksbZ izko/kku cukus dh vko';drk ugha gSAμ lek/ku (Solution) Bharat Education Society Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended at 31st Dec., 2008 ````` ````` ````` ````` To Staff Salaries 10,200 By Subscription 20,000 " Add: Outstanding 1,800 12,000 " Add: Outstanding 4,500 " Printing, Stationery 24,500 & Advertising 1,000 Less: Received " Taxes & Insurance 800 in advance 500 Less: Prepaid 500 300 24,000 " Examination Expenses 600 " Entrance fee 15,200 " Subscription to " Examination fee 2,400 Periodicals 1,200 " Certificate fee 500 " General expenses 375 " Depreciation : " Hire of Society's Hall 6,500 Library Books 2,270 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 326 Furniture & Fittings 785 " Interest on Invest- ment Received 5,500 Building 13,750 17,805 Add : Accrued 450 5,950 " Excess of income " Sundry Receipts 600 Over Expenditure 21,870 55,150 55,150 Balance Sheet of Bharat Education Society as on 31st Dec., 2008 Liabilities ````` ````` Assets ````` ````` Capital Fund 3,89,150 Building cost 2,75,000 Add : Excess of Less : Depreciation 13,750 2,61,250 Income over Expenditure 21,870 4,11,020 Furniture & Fittings 12,500 Investment Res. Fund 15,000 Prize Trust Fund 16,000 Add : Additions Incomeless Prizes 200 16,200 during the year 3,200 Capital Reserve 18,000 15,700 Subscription received Less : Depreciation 785 14,915 in advance 500 Salaries Outstanding 1,800 Sundry Creditors 14,500 Library Books 17,500 Add : Additions during the year 4,300 21,800 Less : Depreciation 3,270 18,530 General Investment 1,50,000 (M.V. Rs. 1,30,000) Interest Accrued 450 Sundry Debtors 5,000 Prize Trust Investments 15,800 Prize Fund cash at Bank 275 Cash at Bank 5,550 Cash in Hand 300 Subscription due 4,500 Taxes & Insurance prepaid 500 4,77,020 4,77,020 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 327 mnkgj.k (Illustration)2 uhps fn;s x;s fjifCyd dkWyst ds 'ks"k ,oa enksa ls dks vk; O;; [kkrk rFkk 31.03.2008 - rqyu i= cukb;s — ` ` lsfeukj ,oa dkWUÝsUl izkfIr 4,80,000 ijke'kZ ls izkfIr 1,28,000 fo|kFkhZ izfrHkwfr tek 1,50,000 iw¡th dks"k 16,06,000 [kkst dks"k 8,00,000 Hkou dks"k 25,00,000 Hkfo"; fuf/k 5,10,000 f'k{k.k 'kqYd izkIr 8,00,000 ljdkjh vuqnku 5,00,000 nku 50,000 fuos'k ij ykHk vkSj ykHkka'k 1,85,000 gkWLVy dejk fdjk;k 1,75,000 eSl izkfIr ¼'kq)½ 2,00,000 dkWyst Hk.Mkj foØ; 7,50,000 vnÙk O;; 2,25,000 Hk.Mkj ,oa iwfrZvksa dk jgfr;k 3,00,000 Hk.Mkj ,oa iwfrZvksa dk Ø; 8,00,000 f'k{k.k osru 8,50,000 [kkst 1,20,000 Nk=o`fÙk 8,00,000 fo|kFkhZ;ksa dY;k.k [kpZ 38,000 ejEer vkSj j[k j[kko O;; - 1,12,000 [ksy dwn dk O;; - 50,000 fofHkUu O;; 65,000 [kkst dks"k fuos'k 8,00,000 vU; fuos'k 18,50,000 Hkfo"; fuf/k fuos'k 5,10,000 lsfeukj ,oa dkWUÝsl O;; 4,50,000 ijke'kZ 'kqYd 28,000 Hkwfe 1,00,000 Hkou 1,60,000 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 328 la;= o miØe 8,50,000 miLdj ,oa mi;qDr oLrq 60,000 eksVj xkM+h 1,80,000 Œkl ds fy, izko/kku 4,80,000 la;= ,oa miØe 5,10,000 miLdkj ,oa mi;qDr oLrq 3,36,000 'ks"k vf/kdks"k esa 6,42,000 iqLrdky; 3,60,000 1,03,85,000 1,03,85,000 lek;kstu — ` lkexzh ,oa vkiwfrZ;ksa dk miHkksx (1) 50,000 [kkst 1,50,000 fo|kFkhZ dY;k.k 75,000 [ksy vkSj dwn 25,000 fiNM+s oxks± ds Nk=ksa dh Nk=o`fÙk ds fy, (2) ljdkj ls izkIr f'k{k.k 'kqYd 80,000 Hk.Mkj dk fcØh ewY; bl izdkj r; fd;k x;k gS 'kq) ykHk gksA (3) 10% lh/kh js[kk i)fr ls fuEufyf[kr njksa ij Œkl yxk;k tk;sxkA (4) Hkou 5% la;U= ,oa miØe 10% miLdj ,oa mi;qDr oLrq 10% eksVj xkM+h 20% Republic College Income and Expenditure Account for the year ending at 31st March, 2008 Expenditure ````` ````` Income ````` ````` To Salaries: Teaching 8,50,000 By Tuitions & other Fees 8,80,000 Research 1,20,000 " Meterial & Supplies Consumed : " Govt. Grants 5,00,000 Teaching 50,000 " Income from Research 1,50,000 Investments 1,85,000 " Hostel Room Rent 1,75,000 " Repairs & Maintenance 1,12,000 " Mess Receipts 2,00,000 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 329 " Sports & Games Exp : " Profit on stores sales 75,000 Cash 50,000 " Seminar and Conferences : Materials 20,000 75,000 Income 4,80,000 Less: Exp. 4,50,000 30,000 To Students Welfare Exp. Cash 38,000 " Consulatancy charges: Materials 75,000 1,13,000 Income 1,28,000 Less: Exp. 28,000 " Misc. Expenses 65,000 1,00,000 " Scholarships 80,000 " Donations 50,000 " Depreciation Building 80,000 Plant & Equipment 85,000 Furniture 60,000 Motor Vehicle 36,000 " Excess of Income over Expenditure 3,19,000 21,95,000 21,95,000 REPUBLIC COLLEGE Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2008 Liabilities ````` ````` Assets ````` ````` Fixed Assets : Capital fund Land 1,00,000 Opening balance 16,06,000 Building cost 16,00,000 Add: Excess of Income over Expenditure 3,19,000 19,25,000 Less: Dep. 5,60,000 Other Funds 10,40,000 Research Fund 8,80,000 Equipment Building Fund 25,00,000 Cost 8,50,000 Less : Dep. 5,95,000 2,55,000 Current Liabilities: Outstanding Exp. 2,25,000 Furniture & Fittings: Provident Fund 5,10,000 Cost 6,00,000 Security Deposit 1,50,000 Less: Dep. 3,96,000 2,04,000 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 330 Motor Vehicles Cost : 1,80,000 Less: Dep. 36,000 1,44,000 Library 3,60,000 Investments : Capital Fund Investments 18,50,000 Research Fund Investments 8,00,000 P.F. Investment 5,10,000 Stock : Material & Supplies 1,25,000 Grants Receivable 80,000 Cash in hand & at Bank 6,42,000 61,10,000 61,10,000 Working Notes— ` ` (1) Material & Supplies : Closing Stock Opening Stock 3,00,000 Purchases 8,00,000 11,00,000 Less : Cost of Sales 6,75,000 Consumed 3,00,000 9,75,000 Balance 1,25,000 (2) Provisions for Depreciation Building Plant & Furniture Equipment & Fitting ````` ````` ````` Opening Balance 4,80,000 5,10,000 3,36,000 Addition 80,000 85,000 60,000 Closing Balance 5,60,000 5,95,000 3,96,000 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 331 dks"k [kkrs j[kus dh rduhd 2.3 (Technique of Maintaining Fund Accounts)— xSj O;kikfjd laLFkku] lkekU;r% f'k{k.k laLFkku] ges'kk fof'k"V xfrfof/k;ksa tSls&[ksy - dwn] iqjLdkj] LoYikgkj vkfn ds fy, i`Fkd ls [kkrs vkSj dks"k j[krs gSa vkSj budk foÙkh; fooj.kksa esa izLrqfr dks"k vk/kkj ij djrs gSaA dkWyst rFkk fo'ofo|ky; tSlh laLFkkvksa esa izR;sd dks"k ds fy, i`Fkd ystj j[ks tkrs gSaA ;g dks"k ystj LoHkkor% Lodh; larqfyr gksrs gSaa ,d dks"k LFkk;h lEifÙk;ksa ds Ø;] vf/kxzg.k vFkok fuekZ.k ds fy, ;k laxBu dh fdlh fof'k"V xfrfof/k ds fy, ;k nksuksa ds fy, cuk;k tk ldrk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ,d Hkou dks"k Hkouksa ds Ø;] vf/kxzg.k vFkok fuekZ.k ds fy, cuk;k tk ldrk gSA Hkouksa ds fuekZ.k ;k vf/kxzg.k ds lEcU/k esa lHkh izkfIr;k¡ eq[; [kkrksa ls i`Fkd dj yh tkrh gS rFkk Hkou dks"k esa fn[kkbZ tkrh gSA Hkouksa ds fuekZ.k rFkk vf/kdxzg.k ds mís'; gsrq fd, x, fdlh Hkh O;; dks blh [kkrs ls fd;k tkrk gSA tc Hkou vUrr% vf/kxzfgr ;k fufeZr gksrk gS rks lkekU; fpës esa lEifÙk dh ekU;rk yh tkrh gS vkSj QyLo:i Hkoudks"k dk og Hkkx tks Hkou ds vf/kxzg.k vFkok fuekZ.k esa dke vk pqdk gS] lkekU; dks"k dks vfUrfjr dj fn;k tkuk pkfg,A ,sls dks"kksa ij Œkl dsoy muds iw.kZrk ;k vf/kxzg.k ds ckn yxk;k tkrk gSA blh izdkj ls] midj.k] LFkk;h lEifÙk;ksa dh Hkkjh ejEerksa ds O;; vkSj vU; fodkl xfrfof/k;ksa ds fy, i`Fkd dks"k cuk, tkrs gSaA mnkgj.k (Illustration)3 ukW;Mk Ldwy i`Fkd ls Hkou dks"k cukrk gSA 31.3.2007 dks Hkou dks"k dk 'ks"k `10,00,000 Fkk vkSj ;g ` 6,00,000 dh LFkk;h tek (15%) izLrqr djrh gSa vkSj pkyw [kkrs dk 'ks"k `4,00,000 gSA o"kZ 2007-08 ds nkSjku Ldwy us nku izkIr fd;s% Hkou dks"k `5,60,000 vkSj fodkl 'kqYd dk 40%, ` 22,56,500 Hkou dks"k esa varfjr dj fn;kA iw¡th pkywdk;Z 31.03.2007 dks ` 8,25,000 Fkk ftlds Bsdsnkj ds fcy dk Hkqxrku rd fd;k x;k FkkA Hkou foLrkj dk 70% 14.04.2008 dk;Z 31.12.008 dks lekIr gqvk ftldh ykxr `7,25,000 Fkh ftlds fy;s Bsdsnkj dks iw.kZ% Hkqxrku dj fn;k x;k gSA rS;kj Hkou dh ykxr (` 15,50,000) dks lEcfU/kr lEifÙk [kkrs esa vUrfjr djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA vkils visf{kr gS fd mijksDr O;ogkjksa dks lfEefyr djrs gq;sA o"kZ gsrq dh iqLrdksa esa mijksDr O;ogkjksa dks lekesfyr djrs gq;s 2007 08 Noida School tujy izfof"V;k¡ ikfjr djuk ,oa Hkwfe dks"k [kkrk cgh dk ryiV n'kkZukA lek/ku (Solution) Journal Entries for Building Fund Ledger ````` ````` (1) Bank A/c Dr. 5,60,000 To Building Fund A/c 5,60,000 (On collection of donations) (2) Bank A/c Dr. 9,02,600 To Building Fund A/c 9,02,000 (40% of the development fees directly transferred to building fund) © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 332 (3) Fixed deposit A/c Dr. 90,000 To Interest A/c 90,000 (on accrual of interest) (4) Interest A/c Dr. 90,000 To Building fund 90,000 (Interest accrued on fixed deposit transferred) (5) Capital Work in Progress A/c Dr. 7,25,000 To Contractor's A/c 7,25,000 (Work completed and certified during the year) (6) Contractor's A/c Dr. 13,43,750 To Bank A/c 13,43,750 (Payments made during the year) (7) Building A/c Dr. 15,50,000 To Capital Work in Progress A/c 15,50,000 (Transfer of completed buildings to Asset A/c) (8) Building Fund A/c Dr. 15,50,000 To General Fund A/c 15,50,000 (Corresponding building fund transferred) Trial Balance of Building Fund as on 31st March, 2008 Dr Cr ````` ````` Building Fund 10,02,600 Contractor's A/c 2,06,250 Fixed Deposit A/c 6,90,000 Current A/c 5,18,850 — 12,08,850 12,08,850 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 333 lkjka'k (SUMMARY) 'kS{kf.kd laLFkku nwljs xSj O;kikfjd laxBuksa ls fuEu gksrs gSa D;ksafd ;g viuh vk; dk (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) - lzksr pquus ds fy, rFkk ys[kkadu o"kZ pquus ds fy, LorU= gksrs gSaA Lo-ijh{kk iz'u (SELF-EXAMINATION QUESTIONS) oLrqfu"B iz'u I. (Objective Answer Type Questions) Ldwy ds vk; O;; [kkrs esa fuEufyf[kr _.kh gksaxs % 1. ljdkj }kjk gfjtu fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, Nk=o`fÙk dks"k esa Loh—r ck¡Vk x;k (i) /kuA okf"kZd lekjksg ij migkjA (ii) HkkSxksfyd d{kkvksa ds fy, ekufp= dh ykxrA (iii) [ksy ds eSnku esa iosfy;u ds fuekZ.k dh ykxrA (iv) [ksy dks"k esa ls cYyk] gkWdh] M.Ms] bR;kfn dk Ø;A (v) iz;ksx'kkyk [kpsZA (vi) mÙkj dsoy rFkk] _.kh gksaxs rFkk ij Œkl Hkh [ (Answer)— (ii) (vi) , (iii) , (iv) ] lkslk;Vh ds vk; O;; [kkrs esa pkyw o"kZ ds fuEufyf[kr n'kkvksa esa [kpsZ _.kh@/kuh 2. - gksaxs crkb;s — jkT; ljdkj ls Loh—r ;kstuk ds [kpZA (i) izfrfuf/k dks if'pe teZuh Hkstus dk [kpZA (ii) ijh{kk iqLrd ds izdk'ku ds fy, de dher ds izkIr vuqnkuA (iii) lkslk;Vh ds tuZy esa foKkiu ls ,df=rA (iv) iqjLdkj dks"k esa ls iqjLdkj forj.kA (v) pUnk olwyh tks xr o"kZ esa vifyf[kr gSA (vi) iqjLdkj dks"k ds fuos'k ij C;ktA (vii) mÙkj vkSj 'kkfey ugha gksaxs [ (Answer)—(v) (vii) ] fn, x;s fodYiksa ls vf/kd mi;qä mÙkj pqfu;s 3. — f'k{k.k laLFkkvksa dks pykus ds fy, eq[; foÙkh; lzksr gSa (i) — nku (a) izos'k 'kqYd (b) ljdkjh (c) mi;qZDr lHkh (d) © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India fn baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k 334 dks"k [kkrkcgh gSa (ii) — Lodh; lUrqyu (a) foHkkxh; lUrqyu (b) mPpar [kkrs dh lgk;rk ls 'ks"k (c) mi;qZDr esa ls dksbZ ugha (d) mÙkj [ (Answer)— (i) (d), (ii) (a)] y?kq mÙkjh; iz'u II. (Short Answer Type Questions) Hksn crkb, — dks"k rFkk lap;ksa esaA 4. izos'k 'kqYd rFkk lnL;rk pUnkA 5. lkekU; dks"k ds fy, nku rFkk fof'k"V dks"k ds fy, nkuA 6. izkfIr;k¡ vkSj vk;A 7. Hkqxrku rFkk [kpsZA 8. dks"k vk/kkfjr ys[kkadu dk D;k vk'k; gS la{ksi eas O;k[;k dhft,A 9. ? nh?kZ mÙkjh; iz'u III. (Long Answer Type Questions) f'k{k.k laLFkku pykus ds fy, foÙk ds eq[; lzksrksa dk o.kZu dhft,A 10. Ldwy ds vk; rFkk O;; [kkrk rFkk vkfFkZd fpV~Bk rS;kj djus dh rduhd dk o.kZu 11. dhft,A fØ;kRed iz'u IV. (Practical Problems) uhps nh xbZ tkudkjh ls] ds fy;s pUns ds lEcU/k esa vk; ,oa O;; [kkrs esa tek 12. 2008 dh tkus okyh jkf'k lqfuf'pr djsa — ````` udn esa izkIr pUnk 33,500 vfxze pUnk ds fy;s 31.12.2007 2,500 vnÙk pUnk ds fy;s 31.12.2007 3,000 vnÙk pUnk ds fy;s 31.12.2008 2,000 vfxze pUnk ds fy, 31.12.2008 500 fuEufyf[kr vk; O;; [kkrk }kjk cuk;k x;k 13. - Able Accountants Soliety — ````` ````` ````` ````` 'ks"k vkxs yk;k x;k osru % To 8,000 By Hkqxrku 7,200 vnÙk 800 8,000 pank%μ To izkIr LVs'kujh % 26,000 By ns; Ø; 1,500 27,500 1,100 ?kVk;k% LdU/k 200 900 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India xSj-ykHkdkjh laLFkkvksa ds foÙkh; fooj.k 335 iqjkuh fdrkcsa euksjatu dh To By 7,500 dk foØ; ykxr 800 ¼ykxr ` 300 ½ C;kt izkIr fdrkcsa Hksth To 1,200 By ,oa ns; iqLrdky; esa 1,700 if=dk,¡ By 900 fdjk;k By 5,000 O;k[;kuksa dh ykxr By 4,000 'ks"k vkxs ys By 9,500 tk;k x;k 37,500 37,500 [kkrs dh rS;kjh esa =qfV;ksa dks bafxr djrs gq, bldh vkykspuk djsaA © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 10 viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ls [kkrs (ACCOUNTS FROM INCOMPLETE RECORDS) v/;;u ds mÌs'; (Learning Objectives) bl bdkbZ ds v/;;u ds mijkar] vki l{ke gks tk;saxs — fLFkfr fooj.k ds ekè;e ls le; ds nks fofHkUu fcUnqvksa ij iw¡th dh x.kuk dSls (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) djsa] dks lh[kus esaA le; ds nks fofHkUu fcUnqvksa ij iw¡th dh rqyuk }kjk ykHk fuèkkZj.k dh rduhdh (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) le>us esaA Lokeh@lk>snkj ubZ iw¡thA fofu;kstu ,oa vkgj.k dks dSls lek;ksftr djsa] dks (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) le>us esaA fcØh dh ykxr ;k Ø; Kkr djus esa ekud ldy ykHk vuqikr dk iz;ksx dSls (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) fd;k tkrk gS] dks le>us esaA Ø; rFkk jgfr;k fn;s gksus ij ldy ykHk vuqikr dk iz;ksx djds fcØh dks (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) dSls Kkr fd;k tkrk gS] dks le>us esaA ldy ykHk vuqikr dk iz;ksx djds ,oa izfof"V gsrq lek;kstu }kjk fcØh dSls (cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137)(cid:137) Kkr djsa] dks le>us esaA ifjp; 1. (INTRODUCTION) cgqnk] NksVs ,dkdh O;kikjh ,oa lk>snkjh O;olk;h nksgjk ys[kk iqLrikyu iz.kkyh dks ugha j[krs gSaA dHkh&dHkh os flQZ uxn O;ogkjksa ,oa mèkkj O;ogkjksa dk gh vfHkys[k j[krs gSaA dHkh&dHkh os dbZ O;ogkjksa dk vfHkys[ku ugha djrs gSa] ijUrq ys[kkdau vofèk ds vUr esa os vius O;olk; dh {kerk ,oa foÙkh; fLFkfr dks tkuuk pkgrs gSa] tks fd ys[kkdkjksa ds fy;s dqN fof'k"V leL;k mRiUu djrk gSA bl vè;;u esa ge ppkZ djsaxs fd miyCèk viw.kZ ys[kksa }kjk [kkrs dSls iw.kZ fd, tkrs gSaA ßbdgjk ys[kk iz.kkyhÞ en dks izpfyr rkSj ij viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ls [kkrksa dh © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 338 baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k leL;kvksa dks le>kus esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ;gk¡ rF; vuqlkj bdgjk ys[kk iz.kkyh tSlh dksbZ iz.kkyh gksrh gh ugha gSA O;ogkj esa Lo dfFkr ys[kkdkjksa }kjk dqN fefJr fofèk;ksa dk Hkh ikyu fd;k tkrk gSA ;s dqN O;ogkjksa ds fy;s nksgjk izfof"V;ksa dks iw.kZ djrs gSa rFkk dqN vU; O;ogkjksa ds fy;s ;s dsoy ,d izfof"V j[krs gSaA lkFk gh dqN vU;ksa ds fy;s dksbZ Hkh izfof"V ikfjr ugha djrs gSaaA ;g ys[kkadu dh dksbZ iz.kkyh ugha gSA la{ksi esa bldks viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ds :i esa O;Dr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ys[kkdkj dk fu;r dk;Z miyCèk lwpukvksa ,oa [kkrksa ds vafre :i ds eè; lEcUèk LFkkfir djuk gSA y{k.k 1.1. (Features) ;g O;kolkf;d O;ogkjksa dh vfHkys[ku dh ,d v'kq)] voSKkfud ,oa vO;ofLFkr (cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122) fofèk gSA lkekU;r% ;gk¡ oLrqxr rFkk ukeek= [kkrksa ds vfHkys[ku ugha gksrs gSa] vfèkdrj (cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122) n'kkvksa esa uxn O;ogkjksa ,oa O;fDrxr [kkrksa ds vfHkys[ks j[ks tkrs gSaA jksdM+ iqLrd esa O;kolkf;d ,oa Lokeh ds O;fDrxr O;ogkjksa dk feJ.k gksrk gSA (cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122) ;gk¡ vfHkys[kksa dks j[kus esa ,d:irk ugha gksrh gS rFkk izR;sd QeZ dh vko';drkvksa (cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122) vkSj lqfoèkkvksa dh fuHkZjrk ij vyx&vyx Qeks± esa ;g iz.kkyh i`Fkd gks ldrh gSA bl iz.kkyh ds varxZr ykHk dk ,d flQZ vuqeku gksrk gS rFkk mlds fy;s lr~ ,oa (cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122)(cid:122) mfpr ykHk dk fu/kkZj.k ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA mfpr vkfFkZd fpës dh vuqifLFkfr esa foÙkh; fooj.k ds lkFk Hkh Bhd ;gh n'kk gksrh gSA izdkj 2. (TYPES) bdgjk ys[kk iz.kkyh ds vUrxZr vfHkys[kksa dks j[kus esa viuk;h xbZ dbZ izfØ;kvksa dh Nkuchu ds rgr fuEufyf[kr rhu izdkj ds vfLrRo esa vkrs gSaA (Scrutiny) 'kq) bdgjk ys[kk blesa dsoy] O;fäxr [kkrksa dks muds ifj.kkeksa ds lkFk j[kk (i) — tkrk gS] rFkk jksdM+ ,oa vfèkdks"k 'ks"kksa] foØ; ,oa Ø; vkfn ds lEcUèk esa lwpuk;sa miyCèk ugha gkrs h gaSA ,d nf`"V ea s ;k jkds M+ lEcfUèkr vkèkkj lpw ukvka s dks Hkh miyCèk djkus esa foQy gksrk gS] ;g fofèk flQZ dkxtksa ij gh ekStwn gksrh gS ,oa bldk dksbZ O;kogkfjd mi;ksx ugha gSA lkekU; bdgjk ys[kk blesa flQZ ¼v½ O;fDrxr [kkrksa rFkk ¼c½ jksdM+ iqLrd (ii) — gh j[kh tkrh gSA ;|fi ;g [kkrs nksgjk ys[kk iz.kkyh ds vkèkkj ij j[ks tkrs gSa] jksdM+ iqLrd ls flQZ O;fDrxr [kkrksa dh [krkSuh dh tkrh gS rFkk vU; [kkrs [kkrkcgh esa ugha ik;s tkrs gSaA nsunkjksa ls izkIr jksdM+ ;k ysunkjksa dks pqdrk jksdM+ dks lkekU; :i ls fuxZfer ;k izkIr foi=ksa ij tSlh Hkh n'kk gks ij lkekU; :i ls fy[kk tkrk gSA v)Z ,dy ys[kk blesa] ¼v½ O;fDrxr [kkrksa] ¼c½ jksdM+ iqLrd] vkSj ¼l½ dqN (iii) — lgk;d iqLrdksa dks j[kk tkrk gSA bl iz.kkyh ds vUrxZr eq[; :i ls j[kh tkus okyh lgk;d iqLrdsa foØ; iqLrd cgh] Ø; iqLrd ¼cgh½] foi= iqLrd ¼cgh½ gSA cês ds fy;s dksbZ i`Fkd © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ds [kkrs 339 vfHkys[k ugha j[kk tkrk gS tks fd O;fDrxr [kkrs esa izfo"V gks pqdk gSA blds lkFk gh O;;ksa dh dqN egRoiw.kZ enksa( tSls fd etnwjh] fdjk;k] nj vkfn ds lEcUèk esa Hkh dqN fc[kjh gqbZ lwpuk;sa miyCèk gksrh gSa] okLro esa] ;g og fofèk gS ftls nksgjk ys[kk iz.kkyh ds izfrLFkkiu gsrq lkekU;rk viuk;k tkrk gSA iw¡th rqyuk }kjk ykHk Kkr djuk 3. (ASCERTAINMENT OF PROFIT BY CAPITAL COMPARISON) ;g fofèk 'kq) ewY; fofèk ;k fLFkfr fooj.k fofèk ds :i esa Hkh tkuh tkrh gSA vafre iw¡th – izkjfEHkd iw¡th = ykHk ;fn vkxe ,oa O;;ksa ds lEcUèk esa foLr`r lwpukvksa dh tkudkjh u gks] rks ;gk¡ ykHk ,oa gkfu [kkrk rS;kj djuk eqf'dy gks tkrk gSA blds LFkku ij lEifr;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa ds lEcUèk esa lwpukvksa ds laxzg.k }kjk] ;gk¡ ljyrkiwoZd le; ds nks fofHkUu fcUnqvksa ij vkfFkZd fpëk rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gSA blfy;s bdgjs ys[kksa ls [kkrs rS;kj djus gsrq ;fn i;kZIr lwpuk;sa miyCèk u gksa] rks ;g csgrj gS fd iw¡th rqyuk dh fofèk dk vuqlj.k dj ykHk dh jkf'k ij igq¡pk tk;sA iw¡th rqyuk dh fofèk;k¡ 3.1 (Methods of Capital Comparison) iw¡th esa o`f) gksrh gS ;fn ;gk¡ ykHk gS] rc iw¡th esa deh vkrh gS ;fn ;gk¡ gkfu gSA fQj Hkh ;fn Lokeh@lk>snkj O;olk; esa u;k fofu;kstu djrs gSa] iw¡th c<+rh gSa] ;fn ;g vkgj.k djrs gSa rks iw¡th ?kVrh gS( blfy;s tc iw¡th rqyuk }kjk ykHk Kkr djuk gks rks fuEufyf[kr fu;eksa dk vuqlj.k djuk pkfg;s : fooj.k ` vafre iw¡th × × × tksM+s vkgj.k — × × × ?kVk;sa ubZ iw¡th fofu;kstu — (× × ×) izkjfEHkd iw¡th (× × ×) ykHk × × × mijksDr ppkZ ls ;g Li"V gS fd iw¡th rqyuk fofèk ds ikyu gsrq izkjfEHkd iw¡th ,oa vafre iw¡th dh tkudkjh gksuh pkfg;sA bUgsa nks lEcfUèkr le; fcUnqvksa ij fLFkfr fooj.k dh rS;kjh }kjk fuèkkZfjr djuk pkfg;sA iw¡th ges'kk lEifÙk;ksa&nkf;Roksaa ds leku gksrh gSA bl izdkj fLFkfr fooj.kksa dks rS;kj djus gsrq lEifÙk;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa ,oa mudh jkf'k;ksa dh lwph dh vko';drk gksrh gSA O;kolkf;d miØe dh lEifÙk;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa dks Kkr djus o mís'; gsrq] ys[kkdkj fuEufyf[kr lw=ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gSa % jksdM+ 'ks"k gsrq jksdM+ iqLrd (i) vfèkdks"k 'ks"k gsrq cSad ikl cqd (ii) (Bank) nsunkjksa rFkk ysunkjksa gsrq O;fDrxr [kkrs (iii) jgfr;k¡ okLrfod x.kuk ,oa ewY;kdau }kjk (iv) © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 340 baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k LFkk;h lEifÙk;ksa ds lEcUèk esa o mldh ,d lwph rS;kj djrs gSaA okLrfod ykxr (v) rFkk Ø; frfFk dk [kqyklk djus esa O;olk; dk Lokeh mudh enn djrk gAS Œkl dh mfpr jkf'k dks ?kVkus ds ckn] vifyf[kr ;k Œkflr eYw ; dks fLFkfr fooj.k esa 'kkfey fd;k tk;sxkA lEifÙk lEifÙk;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa ds lEcUèk esa lHkh vko';d tkudkjh izkIr djus ds i'pkr~ ys[kkdkj dk vxyk fu;r dk;Z le; ds nks (task) fofHkUu fcUnqvksa ij fLFkfr fooj.k rS;kj djuk gSA fLFkfr fooj.k dh :ijs[kk fpës dh vkfFkZd fpës dh rjg gh gksrh gS tSlk fd vkxs fn;k x;k gSA (Design) ------------- ij fLFkfr fooj.k nkf;Roksa ` lEifr;ksa ` iw¡th ¼cdk;k jkf'k½ Hkou × × × × × × _.k] vfèkdks"k] vfèkfod"kZ ;U= × × × × × × fofoèk ysunkj miLdj ¼QuhZpj½ × × × × × ns; foi= jgfr;k ¼LVkWd½ × × × × × fofoèk nsunkj × × izkIr foi= × × _.k ,oa vfxze × × jksdM+ rFkk cSad 'ks"k × × × × × × × × vc nks fofHkUu frfFk;ksa gsrq rS;kj fd;s x;s fLFkfr fooj.k ls] izkjfEHkd ,oa vafre iw¡th 'ks"kksa dks izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;s iw¡th 'ks"k mijksDr fLFkfr fooj.kksa esa cdk;k jkf'k ds :i esa n'kkZ;s x;s gSaA fLFkfr fooj.k ,oa vkfFkZd fpës ds eè; vUrj 3.2. (Difference between Statement of Affairs and Balance Sheet)— vkèkkj fLFkfr fooj.k vkfFkZd fpV~Bk fo'oluh;rk ;g va'kr% nksgjk ys[kk iqLrikyu ;g nkgs jk y[s kk iLq rikyu ds vk/kkj ds vkèkkj ij ,oa va'kr% bdgjk ewY; ij vpdw vfHky[s kka s ij vk/kkfjr gAS ds vkèkkj ij vfHkysf[kr lkSnksa ds vkfFkdZ fpës dh iRz ;ds en lEcfU/kr vkèkkj ij rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA lgk;d iLq rdka s ,oa [kkrkckgh ls T;knkrj lEifr;k¡ vueq kuk]as vfHky[s kkas lR;kfir gks ldrh gSA blfy;s dh ctk; Le`fr esa ,df=r vuqekuksa] vkfFkdZ fpëk dos y fo'oluh; ( Re- iwoZèkkfjr lwpukvksa ij vfHkysf[kr ) gh ugha cfYd Hkjkls es Un ( liable De- gksrh gSaA ) Hkh gAS pendable © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ds [kkrs 341 iw¡th bl fooj.k esa iw¡th egt lEifÙk;ksa iw¡th [kkrkcgh esa iw¡th [kkrs }kjk ds nkf;Roksa ij vkfèkD; }kjk cdk;k fudkyh tkrh gS rFkk blfy;s 'ks"k ds :i esa gSA blfy;s lEifr;ksa lEifÙk i= dk ;ksx ges'kk nkf;Ro dks nkf;Roka s ds leku gkus s dh t:jr i= ds ;ksx ds cjkcj gksxkA ugha gksrh gSA pwd pwafd ;g fooj.k viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ;gk¡ lEifr;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa ds yksi ds vkèkkj ij rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS gks tkus dh dksbZ laHkkouk ugha gS rks lEifÙk ,oa nkf;Roksa dks ml D;ksafd lHkh enksa dk ;Fkksfpr n'kk esa <wa<+uk csgn dfBu gS] tc vfHkys[k fd;k tkrk gSA blds ;g iqLrdksa ls yksi gks tk;sA vykok ;fn vkfFkZd fpëk ,d er u gks jgk gks rks ykirk (agree) en dks <w¡<+uk ljy gSA lEifÙk;ksa dk ewY;kadu oSKkfud ewY;kadu dk vkerkSj ij lEifÙk;ksa dk ewY;kadu vk/kkj ij fd;k tkrk gS ;kfu vkèkkj euekus rjhds ls fd;k tkrk gAS fd ubZ lEifÙk dh n'kk esa blfy;s eYw ;kadu dh fofèk iznf'kZr okLrfod ykxr rFkk ykxrμ ugha gksrh gSA lEifÙk iz;ksx gsrq frfFk rd ij Œkl ds vk/kkj ij Œkflr jkf'k@ ;fn ewY;kadu dh fof/k esa dksbZ ifjorZu gksrk gS rks bls ;Fkkms fpr rjhd s l s ipz fyr fd;k tk ldrk gSA mn~ns'; bl fooj.k dks rS;kj djus dk mí's ; vkfFkZd fpës dks rS;kj djus dk Øe'k% ys[kkadu vofèk ds izkjEHk ,oa mís'; ,d fuf'pr frfFk ij vUr ij iw¡th vkdM+ksa dh x.kuk foÙkh; fLFkfr dks Kkr djuk gSA djuk gSA fLFkfr fooj.k rS;kj djuk ,oa ykHk dk fuèkkZj.k 3.3. (Preparation of Statement of Affairs and Determination of Profit) iSjk esa ;g ppkZ dh xbZ gS fd laxzfgr lEifr;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa ds vk¡dM+ksa ls fLFkfr 3.1 fooj.k rS;kj djuk pkfg;sA bldk ,d mnkgj.k vkxs fn;k x;k gSA © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 342 baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k mnkgj.k (Illustration)1 rFkk ij dh lEifÙk;k¡ ,oa nkf;Ro fuEukafdr gSaμ 31.12.2007 31.12.2008 Mr. X fooj.k 31.12.2007 31.12.2008 lEifÙk;k¡ ````` ````` Hkou 1,00,000 — miLdj ¼QuhZpj½ 50,000 — jgfr;k ¼LVkWd½ 1,20,000 2,70,000 fofoèk nsunkj 40,000 90,000 vfèkdks"k jksdM+ 70,000 85,000 grLFk jksdM+ 1,200 3,200 nkf;Ro _.k 1,00,000 80,000 fofoèk ysunkj 40,000 70,000 Hkou dks rFkk miLdj dks ds }kjk Œkflr djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA O;olk; ds 2.5% 10% Lokeh dh ,d thou chek ikWfylh o"kZ ds nkSjku ifjiDo gqbZ rFkk ` 40,000 dh jkf'k O;olk; esa j[kh gqbZ gSA O;olk; dk Lokeh ifjokj [kpsZ dh izfriwfrZ gsrq ` 2,000 izfr ekg ysrk gSA fLFkfr fooj.k rS;kj djsaA lekèkku (Solution) Statement of Affairs as on 31-12-2007 & 31-12-2008 Liabilities 31.12.2007 31.12.008 Assets 31.12.2007 31.12.2008 ````` ````` ````` ````` Capital 2,41,200 4,40,700 Building 1,00,000 97,500 (Balancing Figures) Furniture 50,000 45,000 Loans 1,00,000 80,000 Stock 1,20,000 2,70,000 Sundry Creditors 40,000 70,000 Sundry Debtors 40,000 90,000 Cash at Bank 70,000 85,000 Cash in Hand 1,200 3,200 3,81,200 5,90,700 3,81,200 5,90,700 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ds [kkrs 343 mnkgj.k (Illustration)2 mnkgj.k esa fn;s x;s vk¡dM+ksa dks ysdj dk ykHk Kkr djsaA (1) Mr. X lekèkku (Solution) Determination of Profit by Applying the method of the capital comparison. ````` Capital Balance as on 31-12-2008 4,40,700 Less : Fresh Capital introduced 40,000 4,00,700 Add : Drawing ( 2000 × 12) 24,000 4,24,700 Less : Capital Balance as on 31-12-2007 2,41,200 Profit 1,83,500 fVIi.kh — ubZ fofu;ksftr iw¡th ds dkj.k vafre iw¡th c<+h gS blfy;s bls ?kVk;k tk;sxkA (cid:122) O;olk; ds Lokeh ds vkgj.k ds dkj.k vafre iw¡th ?kVh Fkh] blfy;s bls tksM+k tk;sxkA (cid:122) mnkgj.k (Illustration)3 rFkk ykHk caVckjk vuqikr gsrq lk>snkjh esa gSaA mudh lEifÙk ,oa nkf;Roksa ds A B, 2 : 1 lEcUèk esa fuEufyf[kr lwpuk;sa miyCèk gSa — fooj.k 31.03.2007 31.03.2008 ````` ````` miLdj 1,20,000 vfxze 70,000 50,000 ysunkj 32,000 30,000 nsunkj 40,000 45,000 jgfr;k 60,000 74,750 _.k 80,000 — vfèkdks"k esa jksdM+ 50,000 1,40,000 lk>snkj izfrekg dh nj ls osru ikus ds vfèkdkjh gSaA ;s lekuqikfrd :i ls iw¡th 2,000 va'knku djrs gSA iw¡th ij C;kt dh nj ls pqdkuk rFkk vkgj.k ij dh nj ls izHkkfjr 6% 10% djuk gSA rFkk ds vkgj.k A B A B vizSy 30 2,000 — ebZ 31 — 2,000 tuw 30 4,000 — © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 344 baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k flrEcj — 6,000 fnlEcj 31 2,000 — Qjojh 28 — 8,000 30 twu ij] os C dks 1/3 ds fy;s lk>snkj cuk ysrs gSa tks ` 75,000 va'knku djrk gSA C ekg ds ykHk ds fgLls dks ikus dk vfèkdkjh gS ;k ykHk vuqikr gksxkA vius lekuqikr 9 1 : 1 : 1 A fgLls dks vkgfjr djrk gSA miLdj dks 10% izfro"kZ ls Œkflr djuk gS] ` 10,000 dh u;h Ø; ij o"kZ ds gsrq Œkflr gksxhA 1/4 31 ekpZ 2007 ij pkyw [kkrs gSa A ` 5,000 ¼tek½] B` 2,000 ¼uke½ ykHk dk fooj.k lk>snkjksa ds pkyw [kkrs ,oa ij fLFkfr fooj.k rS;kj djsaA 31.03.2008 lekèkku (Solution) Statement of Affairs As on 31-3-2007 & 31-3-2008 Liabilities 31-3-2007 31-3-008 Assets 31-3-2007 31-3-2008 ````` ````` ````` ````` Capital A/cs A 1,50,000 75,000 Furniture 1,20,000 1,17,750 B 75,000 75,000 Advances 70,000 50,000 C — 75,000 Stock 60,000 74,750 Loan 80,000 — Debtors 40,000 45,000 Cash at Bank 50,000 1,40,000 Creditors 32,000 30,000 Current A/c B 2,000 — Current A/cs A 5,000 74,036* B — 48,322* C — 50,142* 3,42,000 4,27,500 3,42,000 4,27,500 pkyw [kkrk ns[ksa * fVIif.k;k¡ % * (i) miLdj ij Œkl ````` ij 1,20,000 10% 12,000 o"kZ ds 1/4 fgLls gsrq `10,000 10% 250 12,250 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ds [kkrs 345 (ii) 31-3-2008 ij miLdj ````` ij 'ks"k 31-3-2007 1,20,000 tksM+s % ubZ Ø; 10,000 1,30,000 ?kVk;s % Œkl 12,250 1,17,250 (iii) 31-3-2008 dk pkyw [kkrksa dk ;ksx ````` lEifÙk;ksa dk ;ksx 4,27,500 ?kVk;s % LFkk;h iw¡th $ nkf;Ro 2,55,000 1,75,500 ;g osru rFkk iw¡th ij C;kt dks tksM+dj vkgj.k ,oa vkgj.kksa ij C;kt dks ?kVkdj gSA iw¡th ij C;kt % (iv) ````` ````` ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls A = 1,50,000 3 6% 2,250 ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls 75,000 9 6% 3,375 5,625 ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls B = 75,000 1 6% 4,500 ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls 75,000 9 6% 3,375 7,875 vkgj.kksa ij C;kt % (v) ````` ````` ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls A = 2,000 11 10% 183 ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls 4,000 9 10% 300 ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls 2,000 3 10% 50 533 ````` ````` ij lky gsrq dh nj ls B = 2,000 10 10% 167 ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls 6,000 6 10% 300 ij ekg gsrq dh nj ls 8,000 1 10% 67 534 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 346 baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k ykHk dk vkcaVu ` 1,15,067 3 ekg dk ykHk ` 28,767 9 ekg dk ykHk ` 83,300 A : 2/3 × ` 28,767 + 1/3 ` 86,300 = ` 47,944 B : 1/3 × ` 1,15,067 = ` 38,356 C : 1/3 × ` 86,300 = ` 28,767 = ` 1,15,067 Current Accounts Dr. Cr. A B C A B C To Balance b/d — 2,000 — By Balance b/d 5,000 — — “ Drawings 8,000 16,000 — “ Salary 24,000 24,000 18,000 “ Interest on drawings 533 534 — “ Interest 5,625 4,500 3,375 on capital “ Balance c/d 74,036 48,322 50,142 “ Share of Profit 47,944 38,356 28,767 82,569 66,856 50,142 82,569 66,856 50,142 Statement of Profit ` Current Account Balances as on 31-3-2008 1,72,500 Less: Salary A ` 2,000 × 12 = ` 24,000 B` 2,000 × 12 = ` 24,000 C` 2,000 × 9 = ` 18,000 (66,000) Less: Interest on Capital A ` 5,625 B ` 4,500 C ` 3,375 (13,500) Add: Drawings A ` 8,000 B ` 16,000 24,000 “ Interest on Drawings A 533 B 534 1,067 1,18,067 Less: Current A/c Balances as on 31-3-2007 Rs. 5,000 – Rs. 2,000 3,000 1,15,067 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India viw.kZ vfHkys[kksa ds [kkrs 347 mnkgj.k (Illustration)4 vk;dj vfèkdkjh] foÙkh; o"kZ vkSj ds fy, Jh eksrh dh vk; ds 2006-2007 2007-2008 fuèkkZj.k esa eglwl djrk gS fd Jh eksrh us viuh iw.kZ vk; dk [kqyklk ugha fd;k gS( og vkidks vizSy] vkSj vizSy] dks vkSj Jh eksrh dh laifÙk;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa dk fuEufyf[kr 1 2006 1 2008 fooj.k nsrk gSA ````` ..... lEifÙk;k¡ gLrLFk jksdM+ 1-4-2006 25,500 jgfr;k 56,000 fofoèk nsunkj 41,500 Hkwfe vkSj Hkou 1,90,000 iRuh ds vkHkw"k.k 75,000 nkf;Ro eksrh czknlZ ls mèkkj 40,000 fofoèk ysunkj 35,000 lEifÙk;k¡ gLrLFk jksdM+ 1-4-2008 16,000 jgfr;k 91,500 fofoèk nsunkj 52,500 Hkwfe ,oa Hkou 1,90,000 eksVj dkj 1,25,000 iRuh ds vkHkw"k.k 1,25,000 eksrh czknlZ dks _.k 20,000 nkf;Ro fofoèk ysunkj 55,000 fiNys 2 o"kks± ds nkSjku ?kjsyw O;; izfr ekg ` 4,000 FksA 2006-07 dh ?kksf"kr vk; ` 10,500 vkSj 2007-08 dh ` 23,000 FkhA lekèkku (Solution) Capital A/c of Shri Moti 1-4-2006 1-4-2008 Assets ````` ````` ````` ````` Cash in hand 25,500 16,000 Stock 56,000 91,500 Sundry Debtors 41,500 52,500 Land & Building 1,90,000 1,90,000 Wife's Jewellery 75,000 1,25,000 Motor Car — 1,25,000 Loan to Moti's Brother — 20,000 3,88,000 6,20,000 © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 348 baLVhV~;wV vkWQ pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV~l vkWQ bf.M;k nkf;Ro % eksrh czknlZ ls mèkkj % 40,000 fofoèk ysunkj % 35,000 75,000 55,000 55,000 iw¡th 3,13,000 5,65,000 fiNys nks o"kks± ds nkSjku vk; : ````` iw¡th 1-4-2008 5,65,000 tksM+s % vkgj.k&?kjsyw O;; nks o"kks± ds nkSjku (4,000 × 24) 96,000 6,61,000 ?kVk;s % iw¡th 1-4-2006 3,13,000 dekbZ x;h vk; vkSj o"kks± esa 2006-07 2007-08 3,48,000 ?kksf"kr vk; (1,05,000 + 1,23,000) 2,28,000 Nqih gqbZ vk; 1,20,000 vk;dj vfèkdkjh us dgk fd eksrh }kjk ?kksf"kr dh xbZ vk; lgh ugha gSA eksrh dh lgh vk; ls c<+kdj n'kkZbZ tk;sxhA 1,20,000 mnkgj.k (Illustration)5 lqjs'k viuh ys[kk iqLrdsa nksgjk ys[kk iz.kkyh ds varxZr ugha cuk FkkA ysfdu og dkxt dh jlhnksa ¼fcykas½ ls vius okf"kZd ys[ks cukrk FkkA mlus cSad ls _.k fy;s mls cSad dks viuk ykHk izfr o"kZ crkuk iM+Rkk gSA mlus cSad dks fuEu ykHk jkf'k crkbZA o"kZ lEifÙk 31 Dec. ykHk (`````) 2004 20,000 2005 32,000 2006 35,000 2007 48,000 2008 55,000 cSad us vkidks vads{kd fu;qDr fd;k gS fd lqjs'k ds fooj.k vkSj ykHk jkf'k dk lR;kiu djsa fd ;g lgh gS ;k ughaA blds fy;s vkids ikl fuEufyf[kr tkudkjh gSa% (a) 31 Dec. 2008 dks fLFkfr] fofo/k nsunkj `20,000, O;kikfjd Ldaèk ¼ykxr ds 95% ij½ `47,500, gLrLFk jksdM+ ,oa cSad `12,600, O;kikfjd ysunkj `6,000, [kpsZ cdk;k `1,600. (b) mlus viuh iRuh ls `5000 mèkkj fy;s 30 flrEcj 2003 dks ftl ij og 12% dh nj ls lkekU; C;kt nsus dks dgh x;h FkhA _.k dk Hkqxrku fnlEcj dks 31 2005 C;kt ds lkFk fn;k x;kA © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
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